ReviewVaccine2021
Pregnant women & vaccines against emerging epidemic threats: Ethics guidance for preparedness, research, and response.
Review in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 166 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Avian Influenza Virus Infection and Outcomes during Pregnancy.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Pregnancy Outcomes among Women Receiving rVSVΔ-ZEBOV-GP Ebola Vaccine during the Sierra Leone Trial to Introduce a Vaccine against Ebola.Emerging infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Current global estimates, risk factors, and knowledge gaps for Hepatitis E virus (HEV): A scoping review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Rapid Qualitative Approaches in Pandemic Research: Protocol for an Exploratory Qualitative Multimethod Study (VERDIQual) on Mpox in Italy, Nigeria, Thailand, and the United Kingdom.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Access to licenced vaccines for high-threat infectious diseases: a scoping review and interpretive analysis of Ebola virus disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Pregnant women's attitudes and intentions toward tuberculosis, malaria, group B streptococcus, and respiratory syncytial virus vaccines in pregnant: Findings from a cross-sectional study of pregnant women living in Brazil, Ghana, Kenya, and Pakistan.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Pregnant Women and Vaccine Safety in Uganda: Knowledge, Barriers, and Opportunities for Engagement.Vaccines · 2025Article
- A template tool for the evaluation of vaccines for emerging pathogens to be used for pregnant and breast-feeding women.Vaccine · 2025Review
- Populations Addressed in Vaccines Approved via the European Medicines Agency.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Zika virus vaccines and monoclonal antibodies: a priority agenda for research and development.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- PEARLES challenges and solutions to the implementation of clinical research responses to epidemics and pandemics: a scoping review.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Review
- Gender equity and COVID-19 vaccine policies for pregnant people: a global analysis.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Policy strategies for inclusion of pregnant and lactating women in vaccine research.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy to prevent COVID-19 in mothers and early infancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Protecting mother and baby: Learnings from an Ebola vaccination campaign on the evolving landscape of vaccines and pregnancy.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- The inclusion of pregnant women in research during disease outbreaks globally: A scoping review.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Navigating vaccination in pregnancy: Qualitative study in 21 ethnically diverse pregnant women.PloS one · 2025Article
- Bridging the Evidence Gap: Sotrovimab Use in Pregnancy and the Need for Comprehensive Drug Safety Data.Drug safety · 2024Article
- The drug drought in maternal health: an ongoing predicament.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Review
- Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 13 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Zika virus, influenza, and Ebola have called attention to the ways in which infectious disease outbreaks can severely - and at times uniquely - affect the health interests of pregnant women and their offspring. These examples also highlight the critical need to proactively consider pregnant women and their offspring in vaccine research and response efforts to combat emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Historically, pregnant women and their offspring have been largely excluded from research agendas and investment strategies for vaccines against epidemic threats, which in turn can lead to exclusion from future vaccine campaigns amidst outbreaks. This state of affairs is profoundly unjust to pregnant women and their offspring, and deeply problematic from the standpoint of public health. To ensure that the needs of pregnant women and their offspring are fairly addressed, new approaches to public health preparedness, vaccine research and development, and vaccine delivery are required. This Guidance offers 22 concrete recommendations that provide a roadmap for the ethically responsible, socially just, and respectful inclusion of the interests of pregnant women in the development and deployment of vaccines against emerging pathogens. The Guidance was developed by the Pregnancy Research Ethics for Vaccines, Epidemics, and New Technologies (PREVENT) Working Group - a multidisciplinary, international team of 17 experts specializing in bioethics, maternal immunization, maternal-fetal medicine, obstetrics, pediatrics, philosophy, public health, and vaccine research and policy - in consultation with a variety of external experts and stakeholders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.