ArticleJournal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering2019
Levels of tin and organotin compounds in human urine samples from Iowa, United States.
Article in Journal of environmental science and health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identifying Chemicals of Health Concern in Hair Extensions Using Suspect Screening and Nontargeted Analysis.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Consensus on the key characteristics of metabolism disruptors.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Review
- Effects of tributyltin on placental and reproductive abnormalities in offspring.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- A State-of-the-Science Review on Metal Biomarkers.Current environmental health reports · 2023Review
- Obesity II: Establishing causal links between chemical exposures and obesity.Biochemical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Praegnatio Perturbatio-Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals.Endocrine reviews · 2021Review
- Environmental Obesogens and Their Impact on Susceptibility to Obesity: New Mechanisms and Chemicals.Endocrinology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Exposure to tin in the general US population is near ubiquitous, as determined using urinary tin levels measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Urinary tin levels are associated with chronic health outcomes, such as diabetes; however, it is unclear if these associations are due to the presence of inorganic and organic forms of tin in urine. To address this knowledge gap, levels of total tin and several organotin compounds (OTCs) were measured in convenience urine samples from pregnant women and adults from Iowa, United States. Total tin and OTC levels in urine samples were quantified using ICP-MS and gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD), respectively. ICP-MS detected tin in almost all urine samples from both study populations. Low levels of dibutyltin were detected in two out of fifty human urine samples. Importantly, storage of urine samples in plastic containers, but not HNO
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.