ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Successes and Failures of the Live-attenuated Influenza Vaccine: Can We Do Better?
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Head-to-head comparison of influenza vaccines in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Immunogenicity to Cell-Based Versus Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccines in Children.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2023Trial
- Expert opinion on improving influenza vaccination coverage rate in Qatar: Strategic solutions and role of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Influenza A and B Viral Shedding in Adults Immunized With Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- The Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine in Australia: An Additional Tool for Influenza Prevention.The Medical journal of Australia · 2026Article
- Age-dependent immune landscapes affect influenza vaccine effectiveness and guide precision strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- A live attenuated NS1-deficient vaccine candidate for cattle-origin influenza A (H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4.b viruses.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- An Epidemic Model with Infection Age and Vaccination Age Structure.Infectious disease reports · 2024Article
- Optimizing the Live Attenuated Influenza A Vaccine Backbone for High-Risk Patient Groups.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- A COVID-19 Epidemic Model Predicting the Effectiveness of Vaccination in the US.Infectious disease reports · 2021Article
- Systemic and respiratory T-cells induced by seasonal H1N1 influenza protect against pandemic H2N2 in ferrets.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Life course exposures continually shape antibody profiles and risk of seroconversion to influenza.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Reply to Lindsey, Höschler, and de Silva.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Complexities in Predicting the Immunogenicity of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccines.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
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Abstract
backgroundThe effectiveness of the live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) can vary widely, ranging from 0% to 50%. The reasons for these discrepancies remain largely unclear.
methodsWe use mathematical models to explore how the efficacy of LAIV is affected by the degree of mismatch with the currently circulating influenza strain and interference with pre-existing immunity. The models incorporate 3 key antigenic distances: the distances between the vaccine strain, pre-existing immunity, and the challenge strain.
resultsOur models show that an LAIV that is matched with the currently circulating strain is likely to have only modest efficacy. Our results suggest that the efficacy of the vaccine would be increased (optimized) if, rather than being matched to the circulating strain, it is antigenically slightly further from pre-existing immunity than the circulating strain. The models also suggest 2 regimes in which LAIV that is matched to circulating strains may be protective: in children before they have built immunity to circulating strains and in response to novel strains (such as antigenic shifts) which are at substantial antigenic distance from previously circulating strains. We provide an explanation for the variation in vaccine effectiveness between studies and countries of vaccine effectiveness observed during the 2014-2015 influenza season.
conclusionsLAIV is offered to children across the world; however, its effectiveness significantly varies between studies. Here, we propose a mechanistic explanation to understand these differences. We further propose a way to select the LAIV strain that would have a higher chance of being protective.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.