ReviewEuropean journal of applied physiology2019
Iron considerations for the athlete: a narrative review.
Review in European journal of applied physiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05718752 (Characterization of the Metallome Fingerprint to Acute Intense Exercise), which is not on this map. Cited by 118 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Characterization of the Metallome Fingerprint to Acute Intense Exercise: a Pilot Study on 40 Healthy Men and Women.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 257 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcome indicators and effectiveness of nutrition education for athletes: a systematic review.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Increasing Red Meat Intake on Iron Status in Adults with Normal and Suboptimal Iron Status: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Intervention Studies.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Nutritional Strategies for Optimizing Health, Sports Performance, and Recovery for Female Athletes and Other Physically Active Women: A Systematic Review.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Oral Iron Supplementation on Blood Iron Status in Athletes: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- Factors Influencing the Hepcidin Response to Exercise: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Pooled it
- The association of HFE gene H63D polymorphism with endurance athlete status and aerobic capacity: novel findings and a meta-analysis.European journal of applied physiology · 2020Pooled it
- Intermittent exogenous ketosis increases erythropoietin in healthy adults: A randomized, placebo-controlled study with preliminary sex-specific observations.Physiological reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of exercise in cool versus hot conditions on pathways of gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and iron homeostasis in female athletes.Physiological reports · 2026Trial
- Cardiorespiratory and oxygenation responses in iron-deficient anemic women during whole-body exercise under moderate hypoxia.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Iron deficiency in young basketball players: Is a 100 μg/L ferritin cut-off appropriate for iron supplementation?: Results of a randomized placebo-controlled study.Clinical cardiology · 2023Trial
- Energy Availability and Nutritional Intake during Different Training Phases of Wheelchair Athletes.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Hepcidin response to three consecutive days of endurance training in hypoxia.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Trial
- A comprehensive review of the physiology and evidence base to guide the use of ergogenic and medical supplements for enhanced cycling performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Development and content validity of Diet Quality Index for Athletes (DQI-Athletes).BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Iron Deficiency in Athletes.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Nutritional Strategies for Recovery-Adaptation Coupling After Exercise: From Muscle Damage to Performance Remodeling.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Dietary patterns and testosterone balance: a review of clinical data and perspectives.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) and Body Composition.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Uncovering Sleep Behaviour in Women's Football: What Evidence Do We Have?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron plays a significant role in the body, and is specifically important to athletes, since it is a dominant feature in processes such as oxygen transport and energy metabolism. Despite its importance, athlete populations, especially females and endurance athletes, are commonly diagnosed with iron deficiency, suggesting an association between sport performance and iron regulation. Although iron deficiency is most common in female athletes (~ 15-35% athlete cohorts deficient), approximately 5-11% of male athlete cohorts also present with this issue. Furthermore, interest has grown in the mechanisms that influence iron absorption in athletes over the last decade, with the link between iron regulation and exercise becoming a research focus. Specifically, exercise-induced increases in the master iron regulatory hormone, hepcidin, has been highlighted as a contributing factor towards altered iron metabolism in athletes. To date, a plethora of research has been conducted, including investigation into the impact that sex hormones, diet (e.g. macronutrient manipulation), training and environmental stress (e.g. hypoxia due to altitude training) have on an athlete's iron status, with numerous recommendations proposed for consideration. This review summarises the current state of research with respect to the aforementioned factors, drawing conclusions and recommendations for future work.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.