ArticleHealth & place2019
How does local government use the planning system to regulate hot food takeaway outlets? A census of current practice in England using document review.
Article in Health & place, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Policy Standards for Healthy Built Environments: A Systematic Review of Health Impact Assessments and Nonrandomized Evaluations of Implemented Policies.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Influences of the community and consumer nutrition environment on the food purchases and dietary behaviors of adolescents: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Pooled it
- The moderating role of eating behaviour traits in the association between exposure to hot food takeaway outlets and body fatness.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Trial
- Health and Dietary Disparities in the North of England: A Report From Nutrition North on Key Challenges in the North of England.Nutrition bulletin · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal trends in food deserts, food swamps and food environments around schools in Wallonia, Belgium (2008-2024).Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Identifying online only delivery food outlets in the North of England using data from food delivery apps.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Living next door to McDonald's: a qualitative study of community submissions and resident realities pre- and post development.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Interconnected environments and the mental health of young people in Aotearoa New Zealand: a longitudinal geospatial study.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Expert insights into public health nutrition challenges: a rapid group model building demonstration workshop.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Neighbourhood out-of-home food environment, menu healthiness, and their associations with meal purchasing and diet quality: a multiverse analysis.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Planning healthy food environments: An analysis of local government municipal public health and wellbeing policy in regional Victoria.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2025Article
- Spatial analysis of fast-food accessibility and obesity among adults in Malaysia nationwide.PloS one · 2025Article
- Planning policies to restrict fast food and inequalities in child weight in England: a quasi-experimental analysis.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- Health impacts of takeaway management zones around schools in six different local authorities across England: a public health modelling study using PRIMEtime.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Development of an approach to forecast future takeaway outlet growth around schools and population exposure to takeaways in England.International journal of health geographics · 2024Article
- Planning guidance to limit hot food takeaways: Understanding the possible economic impacts.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Young people's views and experience of diet-related inequalities in England (UK): a qualitative study.Health promotion international · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators to healthy eating in disadvantaged adults living in the UK: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Changes in the number of new takeaway food outlets associated with adoption of management zones around schools: A natural experimental evaluation in England.SSM - population health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Takeaway food outlets typically sell hot food, ordered and paid for at the till, for consumption off the premises due to limited seating provision. Growing numbers of these outlets has raised concerns about their impact on diet and weight gain. This has led to proposals to regulate their proliferation through urban planning. We conducted a census of local government areas in England with planning power (n = 325) to identify planning policies specifically addressing takeaway food outlets, with a 'health', and 'non-health' focus. We reviewed planning policies using content analysis, and developed a typology. One hundred and sixty-four (50.5%) local government areas had a policy specifically targeting takeaway food outlets; of these, 56 (34.1%) focused on health. Our typology revealed two main foci: 'Place' with five targeted locations and 'Strategy' with four categories of approach. The most common health-focused approach was describing exclusion zones around places for children and families (n = 33). Non-health focused approaches primarily involved minimising negative impacts associated with takeaway food outlets within a local government area boundary (n = 146). To our knowledge, this is the first census of planning policies explicitly focused on takeaway food outlets in England. Further work is required to determine why different approaches are adopted in different places and their acceptability and impact.
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