ArticleJournal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials2019
Injectable cellulose-based hydrogels as nucleus pulposus replacements: Assessment of in vitro structural stability, ex vivo herniation risk, and in vivo biocompatibility.
Article in Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Functional Role of Interface Tissue Engineering in Annulus Fibrosus Repair: Bridging Mechanisms of Hydrogel Integration with Regenerative Outcomes.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2020Pooled it
- Cellulose-Based Hydrogels for Chronic Wound Healing: Bridging Biomaterial Design and Clinical Unmet Needs.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Chondroitinase Versus Papain Digestion Leads to Different Outcome for In Vitro Simulation of Degenerated Discs.JOR spine · 2026Article
- A preliminary feasibility study of a tough hydrogel as a nucleus pulposus substitute for degenerative disc disease.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Fibronectin Peptide Modified Hydrogels Activate a Contractile Phenotype in Nucleus Pulposus Cells.Advanced biology · 2025Article
- Self-healing injectable multifunctional hydrogels for intervertebral disc disease.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Annulus Fibrosus Repair via Interpenetration of a Non-Woven Scaffold Supports Tissue Integration and Prevents Re-Herniation.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Polysaccharide-based biomaterials for regenerative therapy in intervertebral disc degeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Hydrogels and nanogels: effectiveness in dermal applications.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Review
- Noninvasive Injectable Optical Nanosensor-Hydrogel Hybrids Detect Doxorubicin in Living Mice.Advanced optical materials · 2024Article
- Comparison of four in vitro test methods to assess nucleus pulposus replacement device expulsion risk.JOR spine · 2024Article
- Combining adhesive and nonadhesive injectable hydrogels for intervertebral disc repair in an ovine discectomy model.JOR spine · 2023Article
- Mineralized Microgels via Electrohydrodynamic Atomization: Optimization and In Vitro Model for Dentin-Pulp Complex.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Tissue engineering modalities in skeletal muscles: focus on angiogenesis and immunomodulation properties.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- BionateJournal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2023Article
- Bionate Lumbar Disc Nucleus Prosthesis: Biomechanical Studies in Cadaveric Human Spines.ACS omega · 2022Article
- Review
- Finite Element Analysis of a Bionate Ring-Shaped Customized Lumbar Disc Nucleus Prosthesis.ACS applied bio materials · 2022Article
- Stiffness of photocrosslinkable gelatin hydrogel influences nucleus pulposus cell propertiesin vitro.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Current treatments for intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation are palliative only and cannot restore disc structure and function. Nucleus pulposus (NP) replacements are a promising strategy for restoring disc biomechanics and height loss. Cellulose-based hydrogel systems offer potential for NP replacement since they are stable, non-toxic, may be tuned to match NP material properties, and are conducive to cell or drug delivery. A crosslinked, carboxymethylcellulose-methylcellulose dual-polymer hydrogel was recently formulated as an injectable NP replacement that gelled in situ and restored disc height and compressive biomechanical properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the translational potential of this hydrogel system by examining the long-term structural stability in vitro, the herniation risk and fatigue bending endurance in a bovine motion segment model, and the in vivo biocompatibility in a rat subcutaneous pouch model. Results showed that the hydrogels maintained their structural integrity over a 12-week period. AF injury significantly increased herniation risk and reduced fatigue bending endurance in bovine motion segments. Samples repaired with cellulosic hydrogels demonstrated restored height and exhibited herniation risk and fatigue endurance comparable to samples that underwent the current standard treatment of nucleotomy. Lastly, injected hydrogels elicited a minimal foreign body response as determined by analysis of fibrous capsule development and macrophage presence over 12 weeks. Overall, this injectable cellulosic hydrogel system is a promising candidate as an NP substitute. Further assessment and optimization of this cellulosic hydrogel system in an in vivo intradiscal injury model may lead to an improved clinical solution for disc degeneration and herniation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.