ArticlePreventive medicine2019
Risk factors for alcohol use among pregnant women, ages 15-44, in the United States, 2002 to 2017.
Article in Preventive medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review: Polysubstance Prevalence Estimates Reported during Pregnancy, US, 2009-2020.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Pooled it
- Optimizing Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial Risk Factors Affecting Perinatal Black/African-American Women with Substance Use Disorder in the United States.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Pooled it
- An economic analysis of Native CHOICES.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Trial
- Substance use patterns among individuals who consume alcohol during pregnancy: Results from a US multi-site study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Associations of Low-Level Prenatal Alcohol and Cannabis Exposure With Adolescent Cognitive Trajectories.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026Article
- Online conversations on perceived stigma among pregnant individuals who use cannabis.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- Alcohol use during pregnancy: the impact of social determinants of health on alcohol consumption among pregnant women.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- A randomized controlled trial of Native CHOICES: Impact on alcohol-exposed pregnancy risk reduction among American Indian and Alaska Native women.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Alcohol, Tobacco and Illicit Drug Use During Pregnancy in the Longitudinal BELpREG Cohort in Belgium Between 2022 and 2024.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Development and psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire to measure university students' knowledge on the effects of alcohol use during pregnancy.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Maternal and paternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Alcohol and other drug use as proximal influences.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- Prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy, Brazil, 2011-2012.Cadernos de saude publica · 2023Article
- Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and Maternal Morbidity in South Ethiopia: A Cohort Study.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
- High-resolution imaging in studies of alcohol effect on prenatal development.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2023Article
- Health Education about Lifestyle-Related Risk Factors in Gynecological and Obstetric Care: A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Providers' Views in Germany.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Licit and illicit drug use across trimesters in pregnant women endorsing past-year substance use: Results from National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2009-2019).Archives of women's mental health · 2022Article
- Examining how the geographic availability of alcohol within residential neighborhoods, activity spaces, and destination nodes is related to alcohol use by parents of young children.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Alcohol and substance use in pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Associations of education and work status with alcohol use and cessation among pregnant women in Japan: the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study.BMC public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fetal alcohol exposure can lead to severe birth and developmental defects. Determining which pregnant women are most likely to drink is essential for targeting interventions. In National Survey on Drug Use and Health data on pregnant women from 2002 to 2017 (N = 13,488), logistic regression was used to produce adjusted odds ratios (aOR) indicating characteristics associated with two past-month outcomes: any alcohol use and binge drinking. Risk factors were sociodemographic (age, race/ethnicity, marital status, education level, income) and clinical (trimester, substance use, alcohol use disorder, major depression). Where associations differed by pregnancy stage (trimester 1 vs. trimesters 2 and 3), association was evaluated by stage. Overall, higher risk for any and binge drinking was observed among those with other substance use (aORs 2.9-25.9), alcohol use disorder (aORs 4.5-7.5), depression (aORs = 1.6), and unmarried women (aORs 1.6-3.2). For any drinking, overall, higher risk was observed in adolescents (aOR = 1.5) and those with higher education (aOR = 1.4), while lower risk was observed in those with lower income (aORs = 0.7). For binge drinking, associations differed by pregnancy stage. In trimester 1, lower risk was observed in middle ages (aOR = 0.4). In trimesters 2/3, higher risk was observed in Blacks (aOR = 3.3) and those with lower income (aORs 3.5-3.9), while lower risk was observed in those with higher education (aOR = 0.3). To prevent severe prenatal harm, health care providers should focus on women at higher risk for binge drinking during pregnancy: women with tobacco or drug use, alcohol use disorder, or depression, and women who are unmarried, Black, or of lower socioeconomic status.
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