ArticleInternational journal of cancer2020
Risk factors for Burkitt lymphoma in East African children and minors: A case-control study in malaria-endemic regions in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mosquito Bed Net Use and Burkitt Lymphoma Incidence in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Malaria Infection and Risk for Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Mean platelet counts are relatively decreased with malaria but relatively increased with endemic Burkitt Lymphoma in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya.British journal of haematology · 2020Trial
- Mechanistic interactions between Plasmodium falciparum and Epstein-Barr virus in endemic Burkitt Lymphoma pathogenesis: a narrative review (2010-2026).Infectious agents and cancer · 2026Review
- A "Familiar Foe Revisited": examining the relationship between endemic Burkitt's lymphoma and changing malaria admissions in the coastal region of Kenya.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- A narrative review on the lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia in burkitt lymphoma: navigating metabolic changes.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Article
- Plasma metabolites in childhood Burkitt lymphoma cases and cancer-free controls in Uganda.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2024Article
- Human leukocyte antigen-DQA1*04:01 and rs2040406 variants are associated with elevated risk of childhood Burkitt lymphoma.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Sickle cell allele HBB-rs334(T) is associated with decreased risk of childhood Burkitt lymphoma in East Africa.American journal of hematology · 2024Article
- Cancer patterns in Arua district, Uganda: a hospital-based retrospective study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Mosaic chromosomal alterations in peripheral blood leukocytes of children in sub-Saharan Africa.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Journal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2023Article
- Mechanism of Immune Evasion in Mosquito-Borne Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Burkitt lymphoma risk shows geographic and temporal associations withProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Spatial distribution of incident pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in central and northern Malawi and association with malaria prevalence.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2022Article
- Viruses of the oral cavity: Prevalence, pathobiology and association with oral diseases.Reviews in medical virology · 2022Review
- Mapping evidence on the risk factors associated with pediatric cancers in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.Systematic reviews · 2022Article
- Epstein-Barr Virus in Burkitt Lymphoma in Africa Reveals a Limited Set of Whole Genome andFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Inverse association of falciparum positivity with endemic Burkitt lymphoma is robust in analyses adjusting for pre-enrollment malaria in the EMBLEM case-control study.Infectious agents and cancer · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is the most common childhood cancer in sub-Saharan African countries, however, few epidemiologic studies have been undertaken and none attempted enrolling cases from multiple countries. We therefore conducted a population-based case-control study of eBL in children aged 0-15 years old in six regions in Northern Uganda, Northern Tanzania and Western Kenya, enrolling 862 suspected cases and 2,934 population controls (response rates 98.5-100%), and processing ~40,000 vials of samples using standardized protocols. Risk factor questionnaires were administered, and malaria period prevalence was measured using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). A total of 80.9% of the recruited cases were diagnosed as eBL; 61.4% confirmed by histology. Associations with eBL risk were computed using logistic regression models adjusted for relevant confounders. Associations common in at least two countries were emphasized. eBL risk was decreased with higher maternal income and paternal education and elevated with history of inpatient malaria treatment >12 months before enrollment. Reporting malaria-attributed fever up to 6 months before enrollment and malaria-RDT positivity at enrollment were associated with decreased eBL risk. Conversely, reporting exposure to mass malaria suppression programs (e.g., indoor residual insecticide) was associated with elevated risk. HIV seropositivity was associated with elevated eBL risk, but the relative impact was small. The study shows that it is feasible to conduct networked, multisite population-based studies of eBL in Africa. eBL was inversely associated with socioeconomic status, positively associated with inpatient malaria treatment 12 months ago and with living in areas targeted for malaria suppression, which support a role of malaria in eBL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.