ArticleNature communications2019
The pharynx of the stem-chondrichthyan Ptomacanthus and the early evolution of the gnathostome gill skeleton.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Shared competence forms the basis of gill arch and paired fin serial homology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The shoulder girdle of early chondrichthyans grew by skeletal remodelling.Biology letters · 2025Article
- The skeletal completeness of the Palaeozoic chondrichthyan fossil record.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Article
- Ectodermal Wnt signaling, cell fate determination, and polarity of the skate gill arch skeleton.eLife · 2023Article
- Broad snouted cladoselachian with sensory specialization at the base of modern chondrichthyans.Swiss journal of palaeontology · 2023Article
- Article
- The oldest gnathostome teeth.Nature · 2022Article
- Article
- Diverse stem-chondrichthyan oral structures and evidence for an independently acquired acanthodid dentition.Royal Society open science · 2021Article
- The morphology and evolution of chondrichthyan cranial muscles: A digital dissection of the elephantfish Callorhinchus milii and the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula.Journal of anatomy · 2021Article
- Article
- A symmoriiform from the Late Devonian of Morocco demonstrates a derived jaw function in ancient chondrichthyans.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Evolution of vertebrate gill covers via shifts in an ancient Pou3f3 enhancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Mineralization of theFrontiers in genetics · 2020Article
- The early elasmobranchProceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
The gill apparatus of gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates) is fundamental to feeding and ventilation and a focal point of classic hypotheses on the origin of jaws and paired appendages. The gill skeletons of chondrichthyans (sharks, batoids, chimaeras) have often been assumed to reflect ancestral states. However, only a handful of early chondrichthyan gill skeletons are known and palaeontological work is increasingly challenging other pre-supposed shark-like aspects of ancestral gnathostomes. Here we use computed tomography scanning to image the three-dimensionally preserved branchial apparatus in Ptomacanthus, a 415 million year old stem-chondrichthyan. Ptomacanthus had an osteichthyan-like compact pharynx with a bony operculum helping constrain the origin of an elongate elasmobranch-like pharynx to the chondrichthyan stem-group, rather than it representing an ancestral condition of the crown-group. A mixture of chondrichthyan-like and plesiomorphic pharyngeal patterning in Ptomacanthus challenges the idea that the ancestral gnathostome pharynx conformed to a morphologically complete ancestral type.
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