ArticleEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2019
Prevalence, defect characteristics and distribution of other phenotypes in 3- to 6-year-old children affected with Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars.
Article in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global prevalence of hypomineralised second primary molars: an updated systematic review with a meta-analysis.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Pooled it
- Evidence mapping and quality assessment of randomised trials related to molar incisor hypomineralisation.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and characteristics of hypomineralised second primary molars in Irish school children.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Article
- Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM): do we need to alter terminology and definition? A scoping review.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Review
- Awareness of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) and Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars (HSPMs) among Northern Italian Dentists: A Questionnaire Survey.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Enamel Hypomineralization: Prevalence, Defect Characteristics in Primary Dentition in a Northern Indian Region.International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry · 2024Article
- A Four-Year Follow-Up Case Report of Hypomineralized Primary Second Molars Rehabilitated with Stainless Steel Crowns.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Non-invasive treatment approach for hypomineralised second primary molars using preformed metal crowns: results after 1-year follow-up.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo assess the prevalence, severity and defect characteristics of hypomineralised second primary molars in schoolgoing children along with distribution of other phenotypes.
methodsA total of 3013, 3- to 6-year-old children were examined for the presence of hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPMs) using an adapted version of EAPD Criteria (2003). The molars were evaluated for the presence, location and colour of demarcated opacities along with associated post-eruptive breakdown (PEB) and atypical restorations. A thorough examination of the entire dentition was followed for evaluation of teeth other than primary second molars for the presence of similar hypomineralised defects. Data were analysed using Chi Square, Fisher exact's and Mann-Whitney U tests at α = 0.05.
resultsA total of 3013 out of 3200 children were included having a mean age of 4.25 ± 0.5 years and deft of 2.1 ± 0.5. Using the adapted version of EAPD 2003 criteria for MIH, the children were evaluated for the presence of hypomineralised second primary molars, the prevalence of which was found to be 7.9%. Hypomineralisation defects were more commonly observed in the maxillary arch (53.4% vs. 42.8%, p = 0.04) with creamish white opacities involving the buccal and lingual surfaces being the most common defects (43.6%). The mean number of HSPMs per child was 1.9. Other phenotypes included demarcated opacities majorly on primary canines (6.6%) followed by primary first molars (4.6%).
conclusionsHypomineralised primary second molars are a fairly common condition affecting approximately 7.9% of the population thus warranting early recognition and management.
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