Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31049196›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2019

Assessment of knowledge and attitude trends towards antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among the community members, pharmacists/pharmacy owners and physicians in district Sialkot, Pakistan.

Hassan Waseem, Jafar Ali, Fiza Sarwar, Aroosa Khan, Hamza Saleem Ur Rehman, Mishal Choudri, Nooh Arif, Muhammad Subhan, Aansa Rukya Saleem, Asif Jamal and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Bridging knowledge and practice: Antimicrobial Stewardship by community pharmacists in New Zealand.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026
    Article
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  6. Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
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  12. Regional and National Trends in Consumption of Antimicrobials in Pakistan; Pre and Post-COVID (2019-2021).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hassan WaseemDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Jafar Ali4Key Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effects, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085 China.
Fiza Sarwar5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, 44230 Pakistan.
Aroosa KhanDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Hamza Saleem Ur RehmanDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Mishal ChoudriDepartment of Statistics, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Nooh ArifDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Muhammad SubhanDepartment of Biotechnology, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Punjab 51310 Pakistan.
Aansa Rukya Saleem5Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, 44230 Pakistan.
Asif Jamal3Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan.
Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali3Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emerging threat to public health worldwide. A significant evidence has suggested that the knowledge and attitude trends among the community, pharmacists and physicians can play a critical role in managing the ever increasing threat of AMR. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed using three specific self-administered questionnaires for community members, pharmacists/pharmacy owners and physicians on a randomly selected sample population of 473, 424 and 308 respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression and Pearson chi-square tests were performed during data analysis. Result: A response rate of 81.2% ( Conclusion: Our study will provide effective assessment and potential insights in designing tri-faceted interventions for rationalizing antibiotics consumption thus controlling the development and dissemination of AMR.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial StewardshipDrug Resistance, BacterialHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdolescentAdultAttitude of Health PersonnelCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOwnershipPakistanPharmacistsPhysiciansSurveys and QuestionnairesAMRAntimicrobial stewardshipOne healthResistance

Identifiers

PMID31049196
PMCPMC6482541

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.