ArticleNeuroscience letters2019
Sex differences in the expression of morphine withdrawal symptoms and associated activity in the tail of the ventral tegmental area.
Article in Neuroscience letters, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Impact of morphine dependence and withdrawal on economic demand for fentanyl, cocaine, and methamphetamine in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen treatment attenuates naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal behaviors and alters microglial activity in male and female mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Fentanyl exposure alters rat CB1 receptor expression in the insula, nucleus accumbens and substantia nigra.Neuroscience letters · 2025Article
- Prophylactic administration of metformin alleviates withdrawal symptoms associated with heroin.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Effects of xylazine on naloxone-precipitated fentanyl withdrawal in male and female rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- The Effects of Eating a Traditional High Fat/High Carbohydrate or a Ketogenic Diet on Sensitivity of Female Rats to Morphine.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Biological sex influences sleep phenotype in mice experiencing spontaneous opioid withdrawal.Journal of sleep research · 2024Article
- Oxycodone withdrawal is associated with increased cocaine self-administration and aberrant accumbens glutamate plasticity in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Voluntary alcohol intake alters the motivation to seek intravenous oxycodone and neuronal activation during the reinstatement of oxycodone and sucrose seeking.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Opioid withdrawal: role in addiction and neural mechanisms.Psychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Sex differences in VTA GABA transmission and plasticity during opioid withdrawal.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Morphine Withdrawal-Induced Hyperalgesia in Models of Acute and Extended Withdrawal Is Attenuated byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Opioid Withdrawal Abruptly Disrupts Amygdala Circuit Function by Reducing Peptide Actions.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Subacute toxicity evaluations of LPM3480392 in rats, a full µ-opioid receptor biased agonist.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Estradiol Enhances the Development of Addiction-Like Features in a Female Rat Model of Opioid Use Disorder.Neuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Morphine reduces the interest for natural rewards.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Sex- and Dose-Dependent Differences in the Development of an Addiction-Like Phenotype Following Extended-Access Fentanyl Self-Administration.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Sexually dimorphic neuroimmune response to chronic opioid treatment and withdrawal.Neuropharmacology · 2021Article
- Use of home cage wheel running to assess the behavioural effects of administering a mu/delta opioid receptor heterodimer antagonist for spontaneous morphine withdrawal in the rat.Behavioural brain research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies, in male rodents, have begun to elucidate a role for the GABAergic neurons in the tail of the ventral tegmental area (tVTA) in morphine withdrawal. To date, the mechanisms underlying morphine withdrawal have been studied almost exclusively in male animals. As a result, there is a considerable gap in our current understanding of the processes underlying sex differences in morphine withdrawal behaviors and its effects on cellular activity in the tVTA in females. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of sex on the expression and duration of spontaneous somatic morphine withdrawal syndrome, and to characterize the relationship between spontaneous somatic withdrawal symptoms and cellular activation (measured as phosphorylated CREB; pCREB), in the GABAergic tVTA in male and female rats. Morphine-dependent adult male and female Long Evans rats underwent 72 h of spontaneous withdrawal, and somatic withdrawal symptoms were assessed every 12 h. Male morphine-dependent rats expressed more severe symptoms during the early phases of withdrawal compared to females. Although, females demonstrated lower overall symptom severity, their symptoms persisted for a longer period of time, thus demonstrating higher withdrawal-symptom severity than males during late withdrawal. pCREB activity in the tVTA was elevated in morphine-withdrawn rats and was positively correlated with the severity of withdrawal symptoms. These results demonstrate sex differences in the timing of the expression of somatic withdrawal. Our data add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating a role for the tVTA in morphine withdrawal and begin to establish a sex-dependent behavioral and molecular profile within this brain region.
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