ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
Sonography to Rule Out Tuberculosis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Prospective Observational Study.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement in HIV-positive individuals.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Ultrasononography in Managing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel, Superiority, Open-Label Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Ultrasound in managing extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled two-center study.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Peripancreatic Tuberculosis Mimicking Metastatic Pancreatic Malignancy With Hepatic Lesions.Cureus · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Sonographic Signs of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis and Treatment Response Monitoring in HIV-Positive and -Negative Populations.The ultrasound journal · 2026Article
- Lung and abdominal ultrasound accuracy for tuberculosis: An Indian prospective cohort study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Lung and Abdominal Ultrasound for Tuberculosis in a German Multicenter Cohort of Patients With Presumed Tuberculosis Disease.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Use of a Handheld Ultrasonographic Device to Identify Heart Failure and Pulmonary Disease in Rural Africa.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- The Chronic Diseases Clinic of Ifakara (CDCI)-Establishing a Model Clinic for Chronic Care Delivery in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Causes of death and associated factors over a decade of follow-up in a cohort of people living with HIV in rural Tanzania.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Applications in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Current anesthesiology reports · 2021Review
- Chest Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: The Complementary Role of Thoraci Ultrasound.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in rural Tanzania: The prospective Kilombero and Ulanga antiretroviral cohort.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with suspected tuberculosis are often overtreated with antituberculosis drugs. We evaluated the diagnostic value of the focused assessment with sonography for HIV-associated tuberculosis (FASH) in rural Tanzania.
methodsIn a prospective cohort study, the frequency of FASH signs was compared between patients with confirmed tuberculosis and those without tuberculosis. Clinical and laboratory examination, chest x-ray, Xpert MTB/RIF assay, and culture from sputum, sterile body fluids, lymph node aspirates, and Xpert MTB/RIF urine assay was done.
resultsOf 191 analyzed patients with a 6-month follow-up, 52.4% tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus, 21.5% had clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis, 3.7% had extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and 74.9% had extrapulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed in 57.6%, probable in 13.1%, and excluded in 29.3%. Ten of eleven patients with splenic or hepatic hypoechogenic lesions had confirmed tuberculosis. In a univariate model, abdominal lymphadenopathy was significantly associated with confirmed tuberculosis. Pleural- and pericardial effusion, ascites, and thickened ileum wall lacked significant association. In a multiple regression model, abnormal chest x-ray (odds ratio [OR] = 6.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.96-19.6;
conclusionsThe absence of FASH signs combined with a normal chest x-ray and body temperature <37.5°C might exclude tuberculosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.