ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2019
Measles outbreak in Gothenburg urban area, Sweden, 2017 to 2018: low viral load in breakthrough infections.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Onward Virus Transmission after Measles Secondary Vaccination Failure.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Risk Factors Associated With Secondary Measles Transmission in Index Cases.Journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- The prevalence of measles vaccination in measles-infected healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of infection prevention · 2026Review
- Interpreting Breakthrough Infections Given Assortative Mixing of Partially Vaccinated Populations.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence of Measles-, Mumps-, and Rubella-Specific Antibodies in Future Healthcare Workers in Serbia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- The Effects of Vaccination Status and Age on Clinical Characteristics and Severity of Measles Cases in the United States in the Postelimination Era, 2001-2022.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Measles in Canada: modelling outbreaks with variable vaccine coverage and interventions.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Symptom propagation in respiratory pathogens of public health concern: a review of the evidence.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Review
- Breakthrough Measles among Vaccinated Adults Born during the Post-Soviet Transition Period in Mongolia.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Adapting response to a measles outbreak in a context of high vaccination and breakthrough cases: an example from Vaud, Switzerland, January to March 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for measles IgM detection; accuracy and the reliability of visual reading using sera from the measles surveillance programme in Brazil, 2015.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- An interregional measles outbreak in Spain with nosocomial transmission, November 2017 to July 2018.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Article
- Breakthrough Infections: A Challenge towards Measles Elimination?Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Immunogenicity after outbreak response immunization activities among young healthcare workers with secondary vaccine failure during the measles epidemic in Korea, 2019.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Characterization of Vaccine Breakthrough Cases during Measles Outbreaks in Milan and Surrounding Areas, Italy, 2017-2021.Viruses · 2022Article
- Confirmed reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 during a pregnancy: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 epitopes inform future vaccination strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Measles outbreak investigation in a highly vaccinated community in the Centre region of Cameroon.Journal of public health in Africa · 2021Article
- Diagnostic challenges and pockets of susceptibility identified during a measles outbreak, Luxembourg, 2019.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2021Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
In an outbreak of measles in Gothenburg, Sweden, breakthrough infections (i.e. infections in individuals with a history of vaccination) were common. The objective of this study was to compare measles RNA levels between naïve (i.e. primary) and breakthrough infections. We also propose a fast provisional classification of breakthrough infections. Medical records were reviewed and real-time PCR-positive samples genotyped. Cases were classified as naïve, breakthrough or vaccine infections. We compared clinical symptoms and measles RNA cycle threshold (Ct) values between breakthrough and naïve infections. Sixteen of 28 confirmed cases of measles in this outbreak were breakthrough infections. A fast provisional classification, based on previous history of measles vaccination and detectable levels of measles IgG in acute serum, correctly identified 14 of the 16 breakthrough infections, confirmed by IgG avidity testing. Measles viral load was significantly lower in nasopharyngeal samples from individuals with breakthrough compared with naïve infections (median Ct-values: 32 and 19, respectively, p < 0.0001). No onward transmission from breakthrough infections was identified. Our results indicate that a high risk of onward transmission is limited to naïve infections. We propose a fast provisional classification of breakthrough measles that can guide contact tracing in outbreak settings.
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