ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2019
Metabolism of remimazolam in primary human hepatocytes during continuous long-term infusion in a 3-D bioreactor system.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Remimazolam on Postoperative Cough in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Combined Use of Remimazolam and Ciprofol Reduces Hypoxemia and Shortens Recovery Time During Sedated Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Comparison of the effects of remimazolam tosylate and propofol on immune function and hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic partial hepatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Dose Recommendation of Remimazolam Tosilate for General Anesthesia in Children and Adolescents: Synergistic Combination of PopPK and PBPK Approaches.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Flumazenil reversal of remimazolam-induced sedation: a narrative review of safety, pharmacokinetics, and clinical considerations.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Remimazolam versus propofol for postoperative ICU sedation in mechanically ventilated cancer patients: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Structure-based molecular modeling of a novel S-Remiketamine scaffold and derived arylcyclohexanone analogues: NMDA receptor dynamics, MM-GBSA ranking, and CES1-Oriented structural compatibility.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- Review of clinical advances in the procedural sedation application of remimazolam.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Prolonged infusion of remimazolam in surgical and medical intensive care unit patients: a pilot pharmacokinetic study.Journal of intensive care · 2025Article
- Remimazolam alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury of rats by inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pyroptosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Remimazolam: a comprehensive review.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2025Review
- Remimazolam in anesthesia and sedation: A narrative review.Journal of anesthesia and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Population pharmacokinetic analysis of remimazolam after continuous infusion for sedation in critically ill patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Remimazolam in General Anesthesia Patients.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- The EDFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluating Remimazolam for Procedural Sedation.Current neuropharmacology · 2025Review
- Safety and efficacy of remimazolam in mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a protocol for systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Remimazolam in intensive care unit: Potential applications and considerations.World journal of critical care medicine · 2024Review
- [Remimazolam-Update on basic pharmacologic principles and clinical potential].Die Anaesthesiologie · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRemimazolam is an ultra-short acting benzodiazepine under development for procedural sedation and general anesthesia. It is hydrolyzed by CES1 to an inactive metabolite (CNS7054). PURPOSE: In this study, the effect of continuous remimazolam exposure on its metabolism and on
methodsRemimazolam was continuously infused into bioreactors for 5 days at a final concentration of 3,000 ng/ml (6.8 µM). In parallel, 2-D cultures were run with cells from the same donors, but with discontinuous exposure to remimazolam.
resultsDaily measurement of clinical chemistry parameters (glucose, lactate, urea, ammonia, and liver enzymes) in culture supernatants indicated no noxious effect of remimazolam on hepatocyte integrity as compared to untreated controls. Concentrations of remimazolam reached steady-state values of around 250 ng/ml within 8 hours in 3-D bioreactors whereas in 2-D cultures remimazolam concentrations declined to almost zero within the same time frame. Levels of CNS7054 showed an inverse time-course reaching average values of 1,350 ng/ml in perfused 3-D bioreactors resp. 2,800 ng/ml in static 2-D cultures. Analysis of mRNA expression levels of
conclusionThe results indicated a stable metabolism of remimazolam during 5 days of continuous exposure to clinically relevant concentrations of the drug. Moreover, there was no evidence for a harmful effect of remimazolam exposure on the integrity and metabolic activity of in vitro cultivated primary human hepatocytes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.