Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31036710›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2019

Descriptive, observational study of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical arrests, use, and overdoses in Maine.

Kevin J Simpson, Matthew T Moran, Michelle L Foster, Dipam T Shah, Daniel Y Chung, Stephanie D Nichols, Kenneth L McCall, Brian J Piper

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
5.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Prefrontal cortex excitatory neurons show distinct response to heroin-associated cue and social stimulus after prolonged heroin abstinence in mice.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Prescription Opioid Distribution after the Legalization of Recreational Marijuana in Colorado.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kevin J Simpson *Medical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Matthew T Moran *Medical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Michelle L FosterDiversion Alert, Houlton, Maine, USA.
Dipam T ShahMedical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Daniel Y ChungMedical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Stephanie D NicholsPharmacy Practice, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA.
Kenneth L McCallPharmacy Practice, University of New England College of Pharmacy, Portland, Maine, USA.
Brian J PiperMedical Education, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA.
Commonwealth Medical College · USHusson University · USNew England College · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe Maine Diversion Alert Program grants healthcare providers access to law enforcement data on drug charges. The objectives of this report were to analyse variations in drug charges by demographics and examine recent trends in arrests, prescriptions of controlled substances and overdoses.

designObservational.

settingArrests, controlled prescription medication distribution and overdoses in Maine.

participantsDrug arrestees (n=1272) and decedents (n=2432). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Arrestees were analysed by sex and age. Substances involved in arrests were reported by schedule (I-V or non-controlled prescription) and into opioids, stimulants or other classes. Controlled substances reported to the Drug Enforcement Administration (2007-2017) were evaluated. Drug-induced deaths (2007-2017) reported to the medical examiner were examined by the substance(s) identified.

resultsMales were more commonly arrested for stimulants and schedule II substances. More than two-thirds of arrests involved individuals under the age of 40. Individuals age

conclusionsAlthough the overall profile of those arrested for drug crimes in 2017 involve males, age <40 and heroin, exceptions (oxycodone for older adults) were observed. Most prescription opioids are decreasing while deaths involving opioids continue to increase in Maine.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionAnalgesics, OpioidBuprenorphineCocaineCrimeDrug OverdoseDrug UsersFemaleFentanylHumansHydrocodoneHypnotics and SedativesAnalgesics, OpioidBuprenorphineCocaineFentanylHydrocodoneHypnotics and SedativesOxycodonearrestcocainefentanylheroinopioidoxycodonestimulant

Identifiers

PMID31036710
PMCPMC6501962
OpenAlexW2942692502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.