ArticleEBioMedicine2019
Clostridium difficile trehalose metabolism variants are common and not associated with adverse patient outcomes when variably present in the same lineage.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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28 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- From colonization to infection: Genomic evolution of Clostridioides difficile pathogenesis.Cell reports · 2026Review
- Ecological and dietary strategies to constrain Clostridioides difficile.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- The interplay between host immunity andmBio · 2025Review
- Phenotypic analysis of variousApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- EmergingmSystems · 2025Article
- Review
- Phenotypic analysis of variousbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Oral Trehalose Intake Modulates the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Is Neuroprotective in a Synucleinopathy Mouse Model.Nutrients · 2024Article
- EmergingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- One size does not fit all - Trehalose metabolism byMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Dietary Trehalose as a Bioactive Nutrient.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Butyrate Differentiates Permissiveness to Clostridioides difficile Infection and Influences Growth of Diverse C. difficile Isolates.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Cytotoxic synergism ofWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Food for thought-The link between Clostridioides difficile metabolism and pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- Capturing the environment of the Clostridioides difficile infection cycle.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- Article
- Trehalose Suppresses Lysosomal Anomalies in Supporting Cells of Oocytes and Maintains Female Fertility.Nutrients · 2022Article
- A multisite genomic epidemiology study ofMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- Invisible steps for a global endemy: molecular strategies adopted byTherapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Trehalose-Induced Remodelling of the Human Microbiota AffectsFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
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10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClostridium difficile ribotype-027, ribotype-078, and ribotype-017 are virulent and epidemic lineages. Trehalose metabolism variants in these ribotypes, combined with increased human trehalose consumption, have been hypothesised to have contributed to their emergence and virulence.
methods5232 previously whole-genome sequenced C. difficile isolates were analysed. Clinical isolates were used to investigate the impact of trehalose metabolism variants on mortality. Import data were used to estimate changes in dietary trehalose. Ribotype-027 virulence was investigated in a clinically reflective gut model.
findingsTrehalose metabolism variants found in ribotype-027 and ribotype-017 were widely distributed throughout C. difficile clade-2 and clade-4 in 24/29 (83%) and 10/11 (91%) of sequence types (STs), respectively. The four-gene trehalose metabolism cluster described in ribotype-078 was common in genomes from all five clinically-important C. difficile clades (40/167 [24%] STs). The four-gene cluster was variably present in 208 ribotype-015 infections (98 [47%]); 27/208 (13%) of these patients died within 30-days of diagnosis. Adjusting for age, sex, and infecting ST, there was no association between 30-day all-cause mortality and the four-gene cluster (OR 0.36 [95%CI 0.09-1.34, p = 0.13]). Synthetic trehalose imports in the USA, UK, Germany and the EU were < 1 g/capita/year during 2000-2006, and < 9 g/capita/year 2007-2012, compared with dietary trehalose from natural sources of ~100 g/capita/year. Trehalose supplementation did not increase ribotype-027 virulence in a clinically-validated gut model.
interpretationTrehalose metabolism variants are common in C. difficile. Increases in total dietary trehalose during the early-mid 2000s C. difficile epidemic were likely relatively minimal. Alternative explanations are required to explain why ribotype-027, ribotype-078 and ribotype-017 have been successful.
fundingNational Institute for Health Research. Gut model experiments only: Hayashibara Co. Ltd.
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