ReviewNutrients2019
Low-Carb and Ketogenic Diets in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes.
Review in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06273631 (Effect of Changes in Carbohydrate Intake Patterns on Glucose Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 103 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Changes in Carbohydrate Intake Patterns on Glucose Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary approaches for glycemic management in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review of Mediterranean and low-carbohydrate diets.Primary care diabetes · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
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- Ketogenic Diet Benefits to Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Lipid Profiles in Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Low carbohydrate ketogenic diets reduce cardiovascular risk factor levels in obese or overweight patients with T2DM: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Intravenous β-Hydroxybutyrate Use in Humans - A Promising Future Therapy?Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of the ketogenic diet on glycemic control, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism in patients with T2DM: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition & diabetes · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Are ketogenic diets promising for Alzheimer's disease? A translational review.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Adherence to Ketogenic and Mediterranean Study Diets in a Crossover Trial: The Keto-Med Randomized Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Trial
- The Effects of a Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet on Glycaemic Control Variables in Hyperinsulinemic Overweight/Obese Females.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Ketogenic diet, cardiometabolic diseases and aging.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2026Article
- Ketogenic Diet in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: Parental Motivations and Potential Risks for Metabolic Health and Development.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Targeting Insulin Resistance Through Nutrition: Pathophysiological Insights and Dietary Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Ketogenic Diet in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: A Narrative Review of Clinical Evidence.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Carnivore Diet: A Scoping Review of the Current Evidence, Potential Benefits and Risks.Nutrients · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low-carb and ketogenic diets are popular among clinicians and patients, but the appropriateness of reducing carbohydrates intake in obese patients and in patients with diabetes is still debated. Studies in the literature are indeed controversial, possibly because these diets are generally poorly defined; this, together with the intrinsic complexity of dietary interventions, makes it difficult to compare results from different studies. Despite the evidence that reducing carbohydrates intake lowers body weight and, in patients with type 2 diabetes, improves glucose control, few data are available about sustainability, safety and efficacy in the long-term. In this review we explored the possible role of low-carb and ketogenic diets in the pathogenesis and management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Furthermore, we also reviewed evidence of carbohydrates restriction in both pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, through gut microbiota modification, and treatment of type 1 diabetes, addressing the legitimate concerns about the use of such diets in patients who are ketosis-prone and often have not completed their growth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.