SynthesisAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2019
Systematic review and case series: flexible sigmoidoscopy identifies most cases of checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis.
Synthesis in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and pancreatic adverse events.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Diagnostic Challenges in Enteropathies: A Histopathological Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer co-infected with HBV and EBV: a case report.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Gastrointestinal toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy: risks and management.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Endoscopic findings of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related gastrointestinal adverse events.Clinical endoscopy · 2024Review
- Novel endoscopic scoring system for immune mediated colitis: a multicenter retrospective study of 674 patients.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal distinct immune cell contributions to epithelial barrier dysfunction in checkpoint inhibitor colitis.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Calprotectin in Patients with Rheumatic Immunomediated Adverse Effects Induced by Checkpoints Inhibitors.Cancers · 2023Article
- Characteristics and usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography in immune-mediated colitis.Intestinal research · 2023Article
- Advances in Imaging of Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Cancer in the Gastrointestinal Tract.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Recommendations for standardizing biopsy acquisition and histological assessment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- A case of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis with a distinctive endoscopic finding of colonic pseudolipomatosis.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Metachronous Esophageal Ulcers after Immune-mediated Colitis Due to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2021Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis.Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Article
- Ulcerative colitis exacerbation after the onset of immune checkpoint inhibitor related colitis.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Association of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and the risk of immune-related colitis among elderly patients with advanced melanoma: real-world evidence from the SEER-Medicare database.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2021Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Colitis: From Mechanism to Management.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Opportunistic bowel infection after corticosteroid dosage tapering in a stage IV lung cancer patient with tislelizumab-related colitis.Thoracic cancer · 2020Article
- Office-based flexible sigmoidoscopy allows rapid assessment and management of suspected immune checkpoint inhibitor-related colitis.Annals of gastroenterologyArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors are used in the treatment of multiple advanced stage cancers but can induce immune-mediated colitis necessitating treatment with immunosuppressive medications. Diagnostic colonoscopy is often performed but requires bowel preparation and may delay diagnosis and treatment. Sigmoidoscopy can be performed rapidly without oral bowel preparation or sedation.
aimsCharacterize the colonic distribution of immune-mediated colitis to determine the most efficient endoscopic approach.
methodsA systematic review of checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis case reports and series was conducted in both PubMed and Embase through 3 January 2017. A single centre retrospective chart review of patients who underwent endoscopic evaluation for diarrhoea after treatment with a checkpoint inhibitor (ipilimumab, nivolumab or pembrolizumab) between 1 January 2011 and 3 January 2017 was performed. Clinical, endoscopic and histologic data were collected.
resultsA detailed systematic review resulted in 61 studies, in which 226 cases of colitis were diagnosed by lower endoscopy (125 colonoscopy, 101 sigmoidoscopy). Only four patients had isolated findings proximal to the left colon. In our centre, 31 patients had histologic features of checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis, for which 29 patients had complete data. The left colon was involved in all cases. Sigmoidoscopy would be sufficient to diagnose >98% of reported cases of checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis diagnosed by lower endoscopy.
conclusionsModerate to severe checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis involves the left colon in the majority of cases (>98%). Sigmoidoscopy should be the initial endoscopic procedure in the evaluation of this condition.
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