Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31032851›Full record

ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2019

Identification of neurotoxic cross-linked amyloid-β dimers in the Alzheimer's brain.

Gunnar Brinkmalm, Wei Hong, Zemin Wang, Wen Liu, Tiernan T O'Malley, Xin Sun, Matthew P Frosch, Dennis J Selkoe, Erik Portelius, Henrik Zetterberg and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Decoding the mechanisms of amyloid-β in synaptic toxicity.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026
    Review
  4. Aducanumab binding to AβProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  5. Aducanumab Binding to AβbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Gunnar BrinkmalmInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden.
Wei HongLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Zemin WangLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Wen LiuLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tiernan T O'MalleyLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Xin SunLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Matthew P FroschMassachusetts General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Dennis J SelkoeLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Erik PorteliusInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden.
Henrik ZetterbergInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden.
Kaj BlennowInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, SE-431 80 Mölndal, Sweden.
Dominic M WalshLaboratory for Neurodegenerative Research, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USUniversity of Gothenburg · SEMassachusetts General Hospital · USSahlgrenska University Hospital · SE

Funding

TRANSGENICS AND PRESENILIN FUNCTIONP01AG015379 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI BEREZOVSKA, OKSANA, SELKOE, DENNIS J · 1998 to 2023
$51.3M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062421 · NIA · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Christine S Ritchie · 2019 to 2026
$36.5M
Aging in the Brain: Role of the Fibrous ProteinsRF1AG006173 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI SELKOE, DENNIS J · 2017 to 2017
$2.2M
Water-soluble Abeta and its role in Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG046275 · NIA · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI SELKOE, DENNIS J · 2014 to 2018
$1.8M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG015379NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062421NIA NIH HHS R01 AG046275NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG006173
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The primary structure of canonical amyloid-β-protein was elucidated more than 30 years ago, yet the forms of amyloid-β that play a role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis remain poorly defined. Studies of Alzheimer's disease brain extracts suggest that amyloid-β, which migrates on sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular weight of ∼7 kDa (7kDa-Aβ), is particularly toxic; however, the nature of this species has been controversial. Using sophisticated mass spectrometry and sensitive assays of disease-relevant toxicity we show that brain-derived bioactive 7kDa-Aβ contains a heterogeneous mixture of covalently cross-linked dimers in the absence of any other detectable proteins. The identification of amyloid-β dimers may open a new phase of Alzheimer's research and allow a better understanding of Alzheimer's disease, and how to monitor and treat this devastating disorder. Future studies investigating the bioactivity of individual dimers cross-linked at known sites will be critical to this effort.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAnimalsBrainFemaleHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLOrgan Culture TechniquesProtein MultimerizationAmyloid beta-Peptidesamyloid-β-proteinhuman neuronslong-term potentiationmass spectrometryvideo microscopy

Identifiers

PMID31032851
PMCPMC6487330
OpenAlexW2940842830

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.