ArticleAntiviral therapy2019
Lean mass declines consistently over 10 years in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, with patterns differing by sex.
Article in Antiviral therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of high-intensity interval training versus continuous moderate-intensity exercise on body composition among older adults with HIV.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Physical Function Impairment and Frailty in Middle-Aged People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the REPRIEVE Trial Ancillary Study PREPARE.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Tesamorelin as an Adjunct to Exercise for Improving Physical Function in HIV (TRIUMPH): a clinical trial protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Examining the Heterogeneity of Exercise Response Among Sedentary Older Adults: A Descriptive Analysis.Journal of aging research · 2025Article
- The use of non-invasive imaging modalities for the assessment of skeletal muscle quantity and quality in people with HIV: A narrative review.HIV medicine · 2023Review
- Long-Term Change in Bone Mineral Density in Women Living With HIV: A 10-Year Prospective Controlled Cohort Study.JBMR plus · 2023Article
- Differences in Muscle Quantity and Quality by HIV Serostatus and Sex.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2022Article
- Frailty in People Living with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe long-term trajectory of and factors affecting lean mass in people living with HIV (PLWH) are incompletely described.
methodsPLWH in the Modena HIV Metabolic Cohort underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans every 6-12 months for up to 10 years (median 4.6 scans). Mixed effect regression modelling in combined and sex-stratified models determined annual rates of and clinical factors significantly associated with appendicular lean mass (ALM).
resultsA total of 839 women and 1,759 men contributing ≥2 DXA scans had baseline median age 44 years and 14 years since HIV diagnosis; 76% were virologically suppressed on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Baseline median ALM was 16.9 kg for women and 24.8 kg for men. ALM decreased during the study period, with mean yearly ALM loss of -231 g in women and -322 g in men. Less ALM was associated with female sex, age >50 years, detectable HIV-1 RNA, and tenofovir and integrase inhibitor use. Greater ALM was associated with longer ART duration. In sex-stratified models, relationships between ALM and total ART duration and integrase inhibitor use were not significant for women, but the relationship with tenofovir use persisted. For men, AIDS wasting and CD4
conclusionsALM steadily declined over time in this cohort of PLWH on ART that included a large number of women. HIV- and ART-specific risk factors emerged that varied by sex. The observed associations between tenofovir or integrase inhibitor use and lower ALM particularly warrant further study.
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