ArticleNeuroradiology2019
Conventional brain MRI features distinguishing limbic encephalitis from mesial temporal glioma.
Article in Neuroradiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-grade gliomas with autoimmune encephalitis-like presentation: case report and systematic review of the literature.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- MR Imaging Findings in Anti-Leucine-Rich Glioma Inactivated Protein 1 Encephalitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2024Pooled it
- Case Report: Value of MR relaxometry and spectroscopy in multimodal imaging characterization of limbic encephalitis in systemic sclerosis.Frontiers in radiology · 2026Article
- Autoimmune Encephalitis-like Presentation of Glioblastoma: Get to Know This Rare Occurrence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Gliosarcoma associated with bilateral hippocampal sclerosis in a cat presenting complex partial seizures with orofacial involvement: A case report.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- MRI-Based Machine Learning Fusion Models to Distinguish Encephalitis and Gliomas.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2024Article
- Mimics of Autoimmune Encephalitis: Validation of the 2016 Clinical Autoimmune Encephalitis Criteria.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Gliomatosis cerebri with blindness: A case report with literature review.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Autoimmune Encephalitis Criteria in Clinical Practice.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2023Article
- Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes of the Central Nervous System: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Multiple diffusion metrics in differentiating solid glioma from brain inflammation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- An MRI-based joint model of radiomics and spatial distribution differentiates autoimmune encephalitis from low-grade diffuse astrocytoma.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Distinctive clinical presentation and pathogenic specificities of anti-AK5 encephalitis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Clinical applications of artificial intelligence and radiomics in neuro-oncology imaging.Insights into imaging · 2021Review
- 3D whole-brain metabolite imaging to improve characterization of low-to-intermediate grade gliomas.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2021Article
- Differentiation of Glioma Mimicking Encephalitis and Encephalitis Using Multiparametric MR-Based Deep Learning.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Antibody-Mediated Autoimmune Diseases of the CNS: Challenges and Approaches to Diagnosis and Management.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pre-clinical and Clinical Applications for Encephalitis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Additional Diagnostic Value of Unenhanced Computed Tomography plus Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Combined with Routine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Early-Stage Gliblastoma.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Management of antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitis in adults and children: literature review and consensus-based practical recommendations.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeRadiological hallmark of autoimmune limbic encephalitis (LE) is a hyperintense signal in MRI T2-weighted images of mesial temporal structures. We aimed to identify conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features that can help distinguish LE from temporal glioma.
methodsBrain MRIs of 25 patients affected by antibody-positive autoimmune LE, 24 patients affected by temporal glioma (tumor group), and 5 negative controls were retrospectively blindly evaluated in random order.
resultsTen brain MRIs from the LE group were correctly recognized; one additional patient with mesial temporal hyperintensity with anti-AK5 abs LE was wrongly diagnosed as having a tumor. The brain MRIs of the remaining 14 of the 25 patients with LE were judged negative or, in three cases, showed features not typical for LE. In the tumor group, all MRIs showed pathological alterations diagnosed as tumors in 22/24 cases and as LE in two (2/22, 9%). Unilateral lesions were more common in tumors than in neuroradiologically abnormal LE (96% vs. 18%, p < 0.001). T2/FLAIR hyperintensity of the parahippocampal gyrus was associated more with tumor than with LE (71% vs. 18%) (p = 0,009), as T2/FLAIR hyperintensity of extralimbic structures (p = 0.015), edema (p = 0.041), and mass effect (p = 0.015). Maintenance of gray/white matter distinction was strongly associated with LE (91% vs. 17%, p < 0.001).
conclusionConventional brain MRI is a fundamental tool in the differential diagnosis between LE and glioma. Bilateral involvement and maintenance of gray/white matter distinction at the cortical/subcortical interface are highly suggestive of LE.
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