Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31025878›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes technology & therapeutics2019

Implementation of Basal-Bolus Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Bolus Insulin Delivery Using an Insulin Patch with an Insulin Pen.

Richard M Bergenstal, Mark Peyrot, Darlene M Dreon, Vanita R Aroda, Timothy S Bailey, Ronald L Brazg, Juan P Frias, Mary L Johnson, David C Klonoff, Davida F Kruger and 9 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readComparative StudyMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Successful Implementation and Improved A1C With a Bolus-Only Insulin Patch Using 500 units/mL Regular Insulin.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Insulin Pumps for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. A Safe and Simple Algorithm for Adding and Adjusting Mealtime Insulin to Basal-Only Therapy.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.

Richard M Bergenstal1 International Diabetes Center, Park Nicollet, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Mark Peyrot2 Loyola University Maryland, Department of Sociology, Baltimore, Maryland.
Darlene M Dreon3 Calibra Medical, Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
Vanita R Aroda4 Medstar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, Maryland.
Timothy S Bailey5 AMCR Institute, Inc., Escondido, California.
Ronald L Brazg6 Rainier Clinical Research Center, Renton, Washington.
Juan P Frias7 National Research Institute, Los Angeles, California.
Mary L Johnson1 International Diabetes Center, Park Nicollet, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
David C Klonoff8 Diabetes Research Institute, Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, San Mateo, California.
Davida F Kruger9 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Bone and Mineral Disease, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan.
Shenaz Ramtoola10 East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Blackburn, United Kingdom.
Julio Rosenstock11 Dallas Diabetes Research Center at Medical City, Dallas, Texas.
Pierre Serusclat12 Groupe Hospitalier Mutualiste Les Portes du Sud, Vénissieux, France.
Ruth S Weinstock13 SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Syracuse, New York.
Ramachandra G Naik3 Calibra Medical, Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
David M Shearer3 Calibra Medical, Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
Vivien Zraick3 Calibra Medical, Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
Brian L Levy3 Calibra Medical, Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, Wayne, Pennsylvania.
Calibra Study Group
California Institute for Biomedical Research · USJohnson & Johnson (Brazil) · BRPark Nicollet Clinic · USAMCR Institute · USDallas Diabetes Research Center · USEast Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust · GBGroupe Hospitalier Mutualiste de Grenoble · FRHenry Ford Health System · USLoyola University Maryland · USMedStar Health · USMills Peninsula Health Services · USNational Research Institute · USRainier Clinical Research Center · USSUNY Upstate Medical University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Insulin Infusion SystemsAgedBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInjections, IntramuscularInsulinMaleMealsMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMealtime insulin patchType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID31025878
PMCPMC6532545
OpenAlexW2942082371

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.