Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31024205›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology

Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Etiology and Current and Future Drugs.

Aastha Jindal, Anusha Thadi, Kunwar Shailubhai

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
157citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

157 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Association of IL4I1Frontiers in immunology · 2026
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97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Aastha JindalResearch and Development Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA.
Anusha ThadiResearch and Development Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA.
Kunwar ShailubhaiResearch and Development Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is swiftly increasing in prevalence globally with a high mortality rate. The progression of HCC in patients is induced with advanced fibrosis, mainly cirrhosis, and hepatitis. The absence of proper preventive or curative treatment methods encouraged extensive research against HCC to develop new therapeutic strategies. The Food and Drug Administration-approved Nexavar (sorafenib) is used in the treatment of patients with unresectable HCC. In 2017, Stivarga (regorafenib) and Opdivo (nivolumab) got approved for patients with HCC after being treated with sorafenib, and in 2018, Lenvima (lenvatinib) got approved for patients with unresectable HCC. But, owing to the rapid drug resistance development and toxicities, these treatment options are not completely satisfactory. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new systemic combination therapies that target different signaling mechanisms, thereby decreasing the prospect of cancer cells developing resistance to treatment. In this review, HCC etiology and new therapeutic strategies that include currently approved drugs and other potential candidates of HCC such as Milciclib, palbociclib, galunisertib, ipafricept, and ramucirumab are evaluated.

Indexed as

AMP, adenosine monophosphateAMPK, AMP-activated protein kinaseATP, adenosine 5′-triphosphatebFGF, basic fibroblast growth factorBMF, Bcl2 modifying factorBMI, body mass indexCDK, cyclin-dependent kinasecombination therapyCTGF, connective tissue growth factorCTLA, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated proteinCTL, cytotoxic T lymphocytecyclin-dependent kinase inhibitorsECM, extracellular matrixEFGR, endothelial growth factor receptorEGFR, epidermal growth factor receptorEMT, Epithelial–mesenchymal transitionERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinaseFDA, Food and Drug AdministrationGFG, fibroblast growth factorHBcAg, hepatitis B core antibodyHBsAg, HBV surface antigenHBV, hepatitis B virusHCC, Hepatocellular carcinomaHCV, hepatitis B virusHDV, hepatitis D virushepatocellular carcinomahepatologyHIF, hypoxia-inducible factorHIV, human immunodeficiency virusIGFR, insulin-like growth factorJAK, janus kinaseMAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinaseMDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cellNASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitisNK, natural killerNKT, natural killer T cellORR, objective response rateOS, overall survivalPAPSS1, 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthase 1PD1, programmed cell death protein 1PDGFR, platelet-derived growth factor receptorPD-L1, programmed death ligand1PEDF, pigment epithelium-derived factorPFS, progression-free survivalPI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinasesPTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologPUMA, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosisRb, retinoblastoma proteinRFA, radiofrequency ablationSCF, stem cell factorSHP1, src homology 2 domain–containing phosphatase 1STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3TACE, transarterial chemoembolizationTGF 1, transforming growth factor-1TKI, Tyrosine kinase inhibitorTK, tyrosine kinaseTreg, regulatory T cellsTRKA, tropomyosin receptor kinase Atyrosine kinase inhibitorsVEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptorVEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor

Identifiers

PMID31024205
PMCPMC6477125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.