ReviewMilitary Medical Research2019
Late immune consequences of combat trauma: a review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies.
Review in Military Medical Research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- The cellular response capacity (CRC) as a novel immunomonitoring approach in sepsis.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitor Roflumilast Ameliorates Polytrauma-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating HMGB1 and Renal Inflammatory Pathways in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- HA-UCMSCs as an innovative therapy for treating multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- A different perspective in trauma patients: can pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) predict mortality?Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2026Article
- Lactylation as a metabolic-epigenetic switch: Mechanisms and roles in cancer, sepsis, trauma, inflammation, and tissue repair.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Harnessing MSC Immunomodulation in Orthopedics: Clinical Insights for Comorbidities.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Portable histone assay technology (PHAST) for the sample-to-answer detection of circulating histones in whole blood.Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical · 2026Article
- Machine learning reveals an interleukin-33-associated immuno-metabolic axis defining recovery endotypes in severe combat trauma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The impact of traumatic injury on the respiratory system; a narrative review of injury-associated and clinically-induced mechanisms of trauma-associated pneumonia.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Soil-Dwelling Bacteria Display Tolerance Against Typical Antibiotic Serum Levels in an Ex Vivo Model of Traumatized Tissue.Military medicine · 2026Article
- Omega-3 PUFAs Mitigate Polytrauma-Induced Gut-Liver-Lung Inflammation and Organ Dysfunction via GPR120/PPAR-γ.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Wound-Healing Potential of Engineered Lysin GRC-ML07 inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Early prediction and warning of MODS following major trauma via identification of cytokine storm: A prospective cohort study.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2025Article
- Article
- Murine model for investigating severe trauma.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Dynamic functional assessment of T cells reveals an early suppression correlating with adverse outcome in polytraumatized patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prognostic analysis of sepsis-induced myocardial injury patients using propensity score matching and doubly robust analysis with machine learning-based risk prediction model development.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Invasive Fungal Diseases of Combat Wounds: Burden, Epidemiology, and Mycology.Mycopathologia · 2024Review
- Epidemiological characteristics and impact of sepsis on survival after osteoporotic pelvic fracture in Austria.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor, robust casualty evacuation capabilities, and damage control resuscitation strategies, more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation system. As such, medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune system. In this review, we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic strategies. Trauma leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses, which places the injured at risk for several late consequences, including delayed wound healing, late onset sepsis and infection, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded personnel. The mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses, triggered by the presence of damage-associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following trauma. Treatment strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable, fluid and difficult to determine. As more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated, it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma, which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.