ArticleObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2019
Mediterranean versus Western Diet Effects on Caloric Intake, Obesity, Metabolism, and Hepatosteatosis in Nonhuman Primates.
Article in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids as Evolutionarily Conserved Signals of Immune Activation.DNA and cell biology · 2026Review
- Dietary capsaicin attenuates type 2 diabetes via gut microbiota and bile acid metabolic pathways.iScience · 2026Article
- Dietary Pattern-Induced Gut Microbiota Differences Are Associated with White Matter Volume Changes in Middle-Aged Female Macaques.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Mediterranean Versus Western Diet Effects on Obesity Phenotypes and Adipose Tissue Transcriptional Profiles in Female Monkeys.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Dietary Modulation of Metabolic Health: From Bioactive Compounds to Personalized Nutrition.Metabolites · 2025Review
- The Presence of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Food and the Estimation of the Amount Consumed Depending on Dietary Patterns.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mediterranean vs. Western diet effects on the primate cerebral cortical pre-synaptic proteome: Relationships with the transcriptome and multi-system phenotypes.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis and animal models.The FEBS journal · 2025Review
- Navigating Cardiovascular Challenges of Obesity: Exploring Preventive Approaches.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Differential effects of Mediterranean vs. Western diets on coronary atherosclerosis and peripheral artery transcriptomics.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Mediterranean diet protects against a neuroinflammatory cortical transcriptome: Associations with brain volumetrics, peripheral inflammation, social isolation, and anxiety in nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis).Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Digested Almond-Psyllium-Flax Seed-Based Artisan Bread Promotes Mediterranean Diet-Resembling Microbial Community.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Western diet consumption impairs memory function via dysregulated hippocampus acetylcholine signaling.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Sex-specific effects ofJBMR plus · 2024Article
- Perspective: Promoting Healthy Aging through Nutrition: A Research Centers Collaborative Network Workshop Report.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Early- but not late-adolescent Western diet consumption programs for long-lasting memory impairments in male but not female rats.Appetite · 2024Article
- Barbary macaques show sex-related differences in body weight based on anthropogenic food exposure despite comparable female-male stable isotope ratios.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparison Between Two Divergent Diets, Mediterranean and Western, on Gut Microbiota and Cognitive Function in Young Sprague Dawley Rats.Gut microbes reports · 2024Article
- How Different Are the Influences of Mediterranean and Japanese Diets on the Gut Microbiome?Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Early- but not late-adolescent Western diet consumption programs for long-lasting memory impairments in male but not female rats.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to determine the effects of humanlike Western and Mediterranean diets on caloric intake, obesity, metabolism, and hepatosteatosis in an established nonhuman primate model of obesity, cardiometabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis.
methodsA 38-month, randomized, preclinical, nonhuman primate primary prevention trial of 38 socially housed, middle-aged adult females was conducted. The monkeys were characterized during a 7-month baseline phase while consuming chow and then randomized to either Western or Mediterranean diets; the groups were balanced on baseline characteristics. Western and Mediterranean diets were formulated to closely reflect human diets, matched on macronutrient content, with protein and fat derived largely from animal sources in the Western diet and plant sources in the Mediterranean diet. Food consumption, activity levels, energy expenditure, body composition, carbohydrate metabolism, and hepatosteatosis were measured during baseline and treatment phases.
resultsThe Western diet increased caloric intake for the first 6 months and body fat, activity, energy expenditure, insulin resistance, and hepatosteatosis after 2.5 years, whereas the Mediterranean diet reduced triglyceride levels.
conclusionsThis is the first report of differential caloric intake and obesity with long-term consumption of a Western versus Mediterranean diet under controlled experimental conditions and the first experimental evidence that a Mediterranean diet protects against hepatosteatosis compared with a Western diet.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.