ArticleCurrent opinion in behavioral sciences2019
Threat-related disorders as persistent motivational states of defense.
Article in Current opinion in behavioral sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anxiety facilitates disengagement when switching from negative-valenced stimuli: Mediating role of attentional control.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Neural circuit basis of pathological anxiety.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Article
- Beyond Fear, Extinction, and Freezing: Strategies for Improving the Translational Value of Animal Conditioning Research.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Understanding clinical fear and anxiety through the lens of human fear conditioning.Nature reviews psychology · 2023Review
- Computational modeling of threat learning reveals links with anxiety and neuroanatomy in humans.eLife · 2022Article
- Threat imminence reveals links among unfolding of anticipatory physiological response, cortical-subcortical intrinsic functional connectivity, and anxiety.Neurobiology of stress · 2022Article
- Pavlovian Learning Processes in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: A Critical Review.Biological psychiatry · 2021Review
- Neural Computations of Threat.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2021Review
- Anticipatory Threat Responding: Associations With Anxiety, Development, and Brain Structure.Biological psychiatry · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Defensive motivation, broadly defined as the orchestrated optimization of defensive functions, encapsulates core components of threat-related psychopathology. The exact relationship between defensive functions and stress-induced symptoms, however, is not entirely clear. Here we review how some of the most important behavioral and neurological findings related to threat-related disorders -- lowering response threshold to threats, facilitated learning and generalization to new threatening cues, reduced appetitive sensitivity, and resistance to extinction of the defensive state -- map onto defensive motivational states, highlighting evidence that supports conjecturing threat-related disorders as persistent motivational states. We propose a mechanism for the perpetuation of the motivational state, progressively converting temporary defensive functions into persistent defensive states associated with distress and impairment.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.