ArticleDiseases (Basel, Switzerland)2019
Herpes Simplex Virus Proctitis Masquerading as Rectal Cancer.
Article in Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence, Duration, and Severity of Rectal Symptoms Among Men Who Have Sex With Men With Rectal Sexually Transmitted Infections.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the rectum: A case report with emphasis on MRI-pathologic correlation.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Malignancy Masquerade: Inclusion-Negative Herpes Simplex Virus Rectal Pseudotumor in a Patient With HIV.ACG case reports journal · 2025Article
- Case series of perianal and pelvic MRI imaging findings in monkeypox.BJR case reports · 2023Article
- Herpes Proctitis in Men Mimicking Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Two Cases of an Easily Overlooked Diagnosis in the Proximal Rectum.Case reports in pathology · 2023Article
- Inflammatory pseudotumor associated with HSV infection of rectal vascular endothelium in a patient with HIV: a case report and literature review.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the leading cause of proctitis in HIV-infected individuals. However, no cases of rectal masses secondary to HSV infection have been reported to date. Herein, we present the case of a 45-year-old man with HIV infection who developed rectal pain and bleeding, along with dysuria and voiding difficulty. Colonoscopy revealed proctitis and a rectal mass with features concerning for rectal cancer. Histologic sections of the rectal mass biopsy demonstrated colorectal mucosa with viral cytopathic changes, ulceration, granulation tissue, marked inflammatory infiltrate, and fibrinopurulent exudate. Immunohistochemistry for herpes simplex virus-1 was positive in epithelial cells demonstrating a viral cytopathic effect. The patient was treated with valacyclovir for 3 weeks, which led to complete resolution of his symptoms. Follow-up sigmoidoscopy at 6 months did not show any masses. Our case illustrates the importance of considering HSV in the differential diagnosis of rectal masses. We advocate the routine use of viral immunohistochemistry for the evaluation of rectal tumors, especially in patients with clinical manifestations and endoscopic findings consistent with proctitis.
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