ArticlePloS one2019
Associations of marital status with diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: A long term follow-up study.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 157 citations in OpenAlex.
- Marital status and risk of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged and elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Marital Status With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Asia.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of vildagliptin versus metformin on hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Machine learning-driven risk prediction for post-hospitalization diabetes case management: Integrating clinical and social determinants of health.International journal of medical informatics · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of Hypertension Stages Prevalence and Associated Factors in Bangladesh: Evidence From BDHS 2017-18 and 2022.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- Aging under scarcity and insecurity: chronic disease, functional limitation, and basic need material insecurity among older adults in Haiti.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- The cumulative bridge: how long-term physical activity and social engagement gradually enhance sleep health in aging adults.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Male infertility and risk of cardiometabolic conditions: a population-based cohort study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Meta-analysis of the association between marital status and hypertension: evaluating the impact of age and gender.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2026Review
- Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in Saudi Arabia based on a nationally representative survey.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Difference in excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic depending on marital status in Japan.PloS one · 2026Article
- Association between polypharmacy and hypertension in the Iranian population aged 50 years or older: Iranian Multicenter Osteoporosis Study (IMOS-2021).BMC primary care · 2025Article
- Sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of blood pressure in adult Nigerians.International health · 2025Article
- Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) and risk of hypertension: A prospective cohort study in China.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Exploring sex differences and associated risk factors of hypertension among the Bhil tribe of rajasthan, India.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Assessment of Prevalence and Determinants Associated with Hypertension Among the Adult Population in Hawtat Bani Tamim Province.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The impact of marital status on hypertension: SEM analysis of a Chinese general population cohort.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Treated but Uncontrolled: Characterizing Hypertension in a Sample of 357 Older Adults in the Southeastern United States.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo investigate the associations of marital status with major clinical outcomes including type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality.
methodsThe study cohort (1999-2014) included 9,737 (45% male) Iranian adults with a mean age of 47.6 years. Marital status was defined as married versus never married, divorced and widowed. The relationship between marital status and the four above mentioned outcomes were investigated using Cox regression models adjusted for the main confounders, specific to each outcome.
resultsAfter more than 12 years of follow-up, 1,889 (883 men) individuals developed hypertension, 1,038 (468 men) T2D, 1015 (597 men) CVD and 668 (409 men) all-cause mortality. Compared with married, being never married in men was associated with higher risk of hypertension [hazard ratio (HR): 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-2.16] and all-cause mortality (2.17; 0.95-5.00; p-value = 0.066) after adjusting for confounders. Among women, compared with married status, widowed status was associated with a lower risk of T2D (0.74; 0.56-0.97) in the confounders adjusted model. Moreover, never married women had a lower risk of hypertension (0.58; 0.37-0.90) compared to married ones in the age adjusted model, a finding that did not achieve significance, after further adjustment for confounders.
conclusionWe found that the relationship between marital status and health outcomes varied by gender. Being never married was an important risk factor for hypertension and tended to be a significant risk factor for mortality in men. However, among women, being widowed was associated with a lower risk of T2D.
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