ArticleStroke2019
Secondary Bleeding During Acute Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Article in Stroke, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment of Antithrombotic-Associated Intracranial Hemorrhage in Adults: A Focused Guideline Update from the Neurocritical Care Society and the Society of Critical Care Medicine.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- A mouse model of mechanical stress injury to the basal ganglia using thermosensitive PNIPAM hydrogel for intracerebral hemorrhage research.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Ultra-early computed tomography markers of haematoma expansion: Potential trial targets?European stroke journal · 2026Article
- Ultra-early computed tomography markers of haematoma expansion: Potential trial targets?European stroke journal · 2025Article
- Brain Atrophy Is Associated with Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Depending on Coagulation Status.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association of oral anticoagulants with risk of brain haemorrhage expansion compared to no-anticoagulation.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
- Microglial Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential in Brain Injury Post-Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- The combination of atrial fibrillation and small vessel disease score worsen spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Iron chelation suppresses secondary bleeding after intracerebral hemorrhage in angiotensin II-infused mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2021Article
- Rapid hematoma growth triggers spreading depolarizations in experimental intracortical hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2021Article
- The Role of Thrombin in Brain Injury After Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2021Review
- Annexin A2 depletion exacerbates the intracerebral microhemorrhage induced by acute rickettsia and Ebola virus infections.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Mechanisms contributing to acute hematoma growth in intracerebral hemorrhage are not well understood. Neuropathological studies suggest that the initial hematoma may create mass effect that can tear vessels in the vicinity by shearing, causing further bleeding and hematoma growth. Methods- To test this in mice, we simulated initial intracerebral hemorrhage by intrastriatal injection of a liquid polymer that coagulates upon contact with tissue and measured the presence and volume of bleeding secondary to the mass effect using Hemoglobin ELISA 15 minutes after injection. Results- Secondary hemorrhage occurred in a volume-dependent (4, 7.5, or 15 μL of polymer) and rate-dependent (0.05, 0.5, or 5 μL/s) manner. Anticoagulation (warfarin or dabigatran) exacerbated the secondary hemorrhage volume. In a second model of hematoma expansion, we confirmed that intrastriatal whole blood injection (15 μL, 0.5 μL/s) also caused secondary bleeding, using acute Evans blue extravasation as a surrogate. Anticoagulation once again exacerbated secondary hemorrhage after intrastriatal whole blood injection. Secondary hemorrhage directly and significantly correlated with arterial blood pressures in both nonanticoagulated and anticoagulated mice, when modulated by phenylephrine or labetalol. Conclusions- Our study provides the first proof of concept for secondary vessel rupture and bleeding as a potential mechanism for intracerebral hematoma growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.