ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2019
Opsonophagocytic Killing Assay to Assess Immunological Responses Against Bacterial Pathogens.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- A protein-based pneumococcal vaccine elicits broad immunity associated with multifunctional antibody responses in humans.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Serological Findings in Pigs Vaccinated AgainstVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Comparative immunogenicity and protective efficacy of BECC438 and BECC470 adjuvants in a vaccine formulation againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A multivalent capsule vaccine protects against Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in healthy and immunocompromised mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Poly-β-D-(1,6)-N-acetyl-glucosamine (PNAG) glycan vaccines with broad spectrum neutralizing activities.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A Self-Assembling Cross-Protective Antigen Against Multiple Gram-Positive Nosocomial Pathogens.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Learning from inborn errors of immunity and secondary immune deficiencies about vaccine immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- Fc-modification of anti-PcrV gene-encoded antibodies modulates complement-mediated killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A comprehensive synthetic library of poly-N-acetyl glucosamines enabled vaccine against lethal challenges of Staphylococcus aureus.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide protect againstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a prototype pneumococcal bioconjugate vaccine.Vaccine · 2022Article
- Correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- Evaluation of PLGA nanoparticles containing outer membrane proteins ofResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2022Article
- Immunopotentiating properties of chimeric OprF-OprI-PopB protein againstIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- Harnessing galactose oxidase in the development of a chemoenzymatic platform for glycoconjugate vaccine design.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2022Article
- Development and Immunogenicity of a Prototype Multivalent Group BACS infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Broadly Reactive Human Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting the Pneumococcal Histidine Triad Protein Protect against Fatal Pneumococcal Infection.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Studying Neutrophil Function in vitro: Cell Models and Environmental Factors.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A key aspect of the immune response to bacterial colonization of the host is phagocytosis. An opsonophagocytic killing assay (OPKA) is an experimental procedure in which phagocytic cells are co-cultured with bacterial units. The immune cells will phagocytose and kill the bacterial cultures in a complement-dependent manner. The efficiency of the immune-mediated cell killing is dependent on a number of factors and can be used to determine how different bacterial cultures compare with regard to resistance to cell death. In this way, the efficacy of potential immune-based therapeutics can be assessed against specific bacterial strains and/or serotypes. In this protocol, we describe a simplified OPKA that utilizes basic culture conditions and cell counting to determine bacterial cell viability after co-culture with treatment conditions and HL-60 immune cells. This method has been successfully utilized with a number of different pneumococcal serotypes, capsular and acapsular strains, and other bacterial species. The advantages of this OPKA protocol are its simplicity, versatility (as this assay is not limited to antibody treatments as opsonins), and minimization of time and reagents to assess basic experimental groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.