ArticleMediators of inflammation2019
Effect of Propofol on the Production of Inflammatory Cytokines by Human Polarized Macrophages.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05398757 (The Effect of Intraoperative Administration of Dexmedetomidine, Propofol and Midazolam on Postoperative Levels of Inflammatory Markers and Development of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Pertrochanteric Fracture Surgery.), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Intraoperative Administration of Dexmedetomidine, Propofol and Midazolam on Postoperative Levels of Inflammatory Markers and Development of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction After Pertrochanteric Fracture Surgery.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sedation as an Immunomodulator of Inflammatory Responses in the Lung-Brain Axis of ARDS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Understanding the relationship between lung GABABMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- High-throughput bioprinted 3D cultures for probing host-pathogen interactions in bioinspired microenvironments.RSC applied polymers · 2026Article
- Impact of General Anesthetics on Postoperative Infections-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Radiation-induced rescue effect on human breast carcinoma cells is regulated by macrophages.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- The Regulation of γ-Aminobutyric Acid on Antioxidative Defense Response of Pacific Oyster upon High-Temperature Stress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sedated and unsedated gastroscopy has no influence on the outcomes of patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Suppressive effect of the anesthetic propofol on the T cell function and T cell-dependent immune responses.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- General anesthetic agents induce neurotoxicity through oligodendrocytes in the developing brain.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Dynamical changes in the expression of GABAergic and purinergic components occur during the polarization of THP-1 monocytes to proinflammatory macrophages.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2023Article
- Lysophosphatidylglucoside/GPR55 signaling promotes foam cell formation in human M2c macrophages.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The GABA and GABA-Receptor System in Inflammation, Anti-Tumor Immune Responses, and COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The benefits of propofol on cancer treatment: Decipher its modulation code to immunocytes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- A GABA-receptor agonist reduces pneumonitis severity, viral load, and death rate in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Effects of propofol on macrophage activation and function in diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Comparison of the Effects of Chemokine Receptors CXCR2 and CXCR3 Pharmacological Modulation in Neuropathic Pain Model-International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Propofol Regulates the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway Through miRNA-155 to Protect Colorectal Cancer Intestinal Barrier.Inflammation · 2021Article
- Effects of propofol and its formulation components on macrophages and neutrophils in obese and lean animals.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Article
- The Dual Role of the GABAInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages are key immune system cells involved in inflammatory processes. Classically activated (M1) macrophages are characterized by strong antimicrobicidal properties, whereas alternatively activated (M2) macrophages are involved in wound healing. Severe inflammation can induce postoperative complications during the perioperative period. Invasive surgical procedures induce polarization to M1 macrophages and associated complications. As perioperative management, it is an important strategy to regulate polarization and functions of macrophages during inflammatory processes. Although propofol has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities in monocytes and macrophages, it is unclear whether propofol regulates the functions of M1 and M2 macrophages during inflammatory processes. This study therefore investigated the effects of propofol on human macrophage polarization. During M1 polarization, propofol suppressed the production of IL-6 and IL-1
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.