ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2019
Clinical Observations and the Anatomical Basis of Blindness After Facial Hyaluronic Acid Injection.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-Center Retrospective Case Series of 33 Patients with Ophthalmic-Cerebral Embolic Stroke Following Cosmetic Facial Injection, 2017-2025.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Iatrogenic Blindness Pig Model Using Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injection.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Conceptual Approaches to Facial Lifting Using Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: An Anatomical and Biomechanical Perspective.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of fat and soft tissue filler embolism following aesthetic injections: A cadaveric systematic review.JPRAS open · 2025Review
- A case of facial vascular occlusion after hyaluronic acid cosmetic filler injection treated with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen.Diving and hyperbaric medicine · 2025Article
- Localization and Staging of Vascular Adverse Events After Facial Fillers: A Detailed Assessment.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2025Article
- Posterior short ciliary arteries ischemia following embolization of anterior ethmoid artery to treat dural arteriovenous fistulas: a case report.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- "Filler-Associated Acute Stroke Syndrome": Classification, Predictive Modelling of Hyaluronidase Efficacy, and Updated Case Review on Neurological and Visual Complications.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Review
- Article
- Retinal artery occlusion after facial filler injection in a patient with patent foramen ovale: a case report and literature review.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Review
- Commentary on: A Computed Tomographic Investigation of the Ophthalmic Artery Volume and its Relevance to Soft Tissue Filler Injection.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2023Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Prognosis of Embolism Caused by Filler Injection in Different Facial Regions.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2023Article
- Cerebral Embolism as a Result of Facial Filler Injections: A Literature Review.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2022Review
- Facial Vascular Events and Tissue Ischemia: A Guide to Understanding and Optimizing Wound Care.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2021Article
- Complications of Nonpermanent Facial Fillers: A Systematic Review.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2021Article
- Guideline for the Management of Hyaluronic Acid Filler-induced Vascular Occlusion.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2021Article
- Treatment Algorithm for Hyaluronic Acid-Related Complication Based on a Systematic Review of Case Reports, Case Series, and Clinical Experience.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2020Review
- The Supratrochlear Artery Revisited: An Anatomic Review in Favor of Modern Cosmetic Applications in the Area.Cureus · 2020Review
- Visual loss after aesthetic facial filler injection: a literature review on an ophthalmologic issue.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologiaReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBlindness or visual loss is the most serious complication resulting from facial hyaluronic acid (HA) injection. In this study, three recent clinical cases were analyzed, and the relevant anatomy of cadavers was evaluated to investigate the mechanism behind visual impairment due to HA injection.
methodsThree patients with different extents of visual loss after HA injection were studied. Ophthalmic testing and corresponding treatments were performed, and the clinical progress was observed. In addition, thirty-six fresh Asian cadaver hemifaces were anatomized to investigate the morphology of the ophthalmic artery and its branches. The minimum dose of HA for central retinal artery embolism was calculated based on the ophthalmic arterial volumes of cadavers.
resultsVisual impairment was more severe in central retinal artery occlusion and combined intraocular branch occlusion than in posterior ciliary artery occlusion. During follow-up, no improvement was observed in terms of visual impairment. Cadaver study reconfirmed that the ophthalmic artery included facial and intraocular branches. The ophthalmic arterial volumes running from the supraorbital artery and supratrochlear artery to the central retinal artery were 0.083 cm
conclusionsThe severity of blindness caused by HA injection may be associated with the occlusion site. Our clinical observations indicate that conventional treatments, such as retrobulbar hyaluronidase injection, are insufficient to relieve visual impairment. Injecting as little as 0.08 ml of HA into the facial branch is enough to cause central retinal artery embolism. Limiting the volume per injection could represent a simple prophylactic strategy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.