Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31006531›Full record

ArticleCell2019

Ubiquitin-Dependent and -Independent Roles of E3 Ligase RIPLET in Innate Immunity.

Cristhian Cadena, Sadeem Ahmad, Audrey Xavier, Joschka Willemsen, Sehoon Park, Ji Woo Park, Seong-Wook Oh, Takashi Fujita, Fajian Hou, Marco Binder and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
120citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

120 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  8. Intrinsic OASL expression governs heterogeneity in interferon induction during influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  12. Cancers · 2025
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  13. NEDD4L induces mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration by promoting LIPT2 degradation in Huntington's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Cristhian CadenaProgram in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA.
Sadeem AhmadDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA.
Audrey XavierProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Joschka WillemsenResearch Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response" (division F170), German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sehoon ParkProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA.
Ji Woo ParkProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA; Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Seong-Wook OhLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
Takashi FujitaLaboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Japan.
Fajian HouState Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Marco BinderResearch Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response" (division F170), German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sun HurProgram in Virology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: Sun.Hur@childrens.harvard.edu.

Funding

Structural and functional analyses of the RIG-I filament in innate immunityR01AI111784 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI HUR, SUN · 2014 to 2023
$4.9M
Molecular Mechanisms for Antiviral Signal Activation by MDA5 and RIG-IR01AI106912 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI HUR, SUN · 2014 to 2018
$2.2M
Re-defining RIG-I-like helicases as viral RNA receptors with effector functionsR21AI130791 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI HUR, SUN · 2017 to 2018
$487k
Interplays between ADAR1 and MDA5 in the pathogenesis of Aicardi-Goutière SyndromeR21AI119880 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI HUR, SUN · 2015 to 2016
$486k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI106912NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI111784NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI119880NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI130791
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The conventional view posits that E3 ligases function primarily through conjugating ubiquitin (Ub) to their substrate molecules. We report here that RIPLET, an essential E3 ligase in antiviral immunity, promotes the antiviral signaling activity of the viral RNA receptor RIG-I through both Ub-dependent and -independent manners. RIPLET uses its dimeric structure and a bivalent binding mode to preferentially recognize and ubiquitinate RIG-I pre-oligomerized on dsRNA. In addition, RIPLET can cross-bridge RIG-I filaments on longer dsRNAs, inducing aggregate-like RIG-I assemblies. The consequent receptor clustering synergizes with the Ub-dependent mechanism to amplify RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling in an RNA-length dependent manner. These observations show the unexpected role of an E3 ligase as a co-receptor that directly participates in receptor oligomerization and ligand discrimination. It also highlights a previously unrecognized mechanism by which the innate immune system measures foreign nucleic acid length, a common criterion for self versus non-self nucleic acid discrimination.

Indexed as

Immunity, InnateA549 CellsAnimalsDEAD Box Protein 58HEK293 CellsHumansMiceReceptors, ImmunologicRNA, Double-StrandedSignal TransductionUbiquitinUbiquitin-Protein LigasesDdx58 protein, mouseDEAD Box Protein 58Receptors, ImmunologicRIGI protein, humanRNA, Double-StrandedRNF135 protein, humanRnf135 protein, mouseUbiquitinUbiquitin-Protein Ligases

Identifiers

PMID31006531
PMCPMC6525047

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.