ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2020
Specific class of intrapartum antibiotics relates to maturation of the infant gut microbiota: a prospective cohort study.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Child Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of early antibiotic exposure on necrotizing enterocolitis and growth in extremely preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2025Trial
- Cefazolin versus placebo for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in low-risk cesarean delivery: a feasibility blinded randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Time to rethink prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Distinct bile mycobiome signature identifies fungal peptide panel predictive for gallbladder carcinoma.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Early-life antibiotic exposure and the risk of overweight and obesity in children.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Timing of Intrapartum Antibiotics at Caesarean Section and Risk of Asthma, Eczema and Allergic Rhinitis: Results From a Natural Experiment.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Early-Life Gut Microbiota: Education of the Immune System and Links to Autoimmune Diseases.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- The State of the Science on Chronic Comorbidities and Aging in Children and Adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Seeding and feeding: nutrition and birth-associated exposures shape gut microbiome assembly in breastfed infants.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Maternal group BAnnals of medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- The Potential Impact of Antibiotic Exposure on the Microbiome and Human Health.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Examining the healthy human microbiome concept.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Effect of maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy on the neonatal intestinal microbiome and health.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Understanding dysbiosis and resilience in the human gut microbiome: biomarkers, interventions, and challenges.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- A critical review of microbiome-derived metabolic functions and translational research in liver diseases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Shaping oral and intestinal microbiota and the immune system during the first 1,000 days of life.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Persistent reduction ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the potential impact of intrapartum antibiotics, and their specific classes, on the infant gut microbiota in the first year of life.
designProspective study of infants in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS). SETTINGS: Rural New Hampshire, USA. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: Two hundred and sixty-six full-term infants from the NHBCS.
methodsIntrapartum antibiotic use during labour and delivery was abstracted from medical records. Faecal samples collected at 6 weeks and 1 year of age were characterised by 16S rRNA sequencing, and metagenomics analysis in a subset of samples. EXPOSURES: Maternal exposure to antibiotics during labour and delivery.
main outcome measureTaxonomic and functional profiles of faecal samples.
resultsInfant exposure to intrapartum antibiotics, particularly to two or more antibiotic classes, was independently associated with lower microbial diversity scores as well as a unique bacterial community at 6 weeks (GUnifrac, P = 0.02). At 1 year, infants in the penicillin-only group had significantly lower α diversity scores than infants not exposed to intrapartum antibiotics. Within the first year of life, intrapartum exposure to penicillins was related to a significantly lower increase in several taxa including Bacteroides, use of cephalosporins was associated with a significantly lower rise over time in Bifidobacterium and infants in the multi-class group experienced a significantly higher increase in Veillonella dispar.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that intrapartum antibiotics alter the developmental trajectory of the infant gut microbiome, and specific antibiotic types may impact community composition, diversity and keystone immune training taxa. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Class of intrapartum antibiotics administered during delivery relates to maturation of infant gut microbiota.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.