ArticleBMJ open2019
Number of blood pressure measurements needed to estimate long-term visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability for predicting cardiovascular risk: a 10-year retrospective cohort study in a primary care clinic in Malaysia.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Baseline risk markers and visit-to-visit variability in relation to kidney outcomes - A post-hoc analysis of the PERL study.Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Impact of febuxostat on visit-to-visit blood pressure variability: insights from the randomised PRIZE Study.RMD open · 2022Trial
- Effect of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers on blood pressure variability in the SPRINT trial: a treatment effects approach.Journal of hypertension · 2022Trial
- Variability of SBP and cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability as a Risk Factor for All-Cause Mortality, Cardiovascular Mortality, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among American Indians: the Strong Heart Study.Preventing chronic disease · 2025Article
- Systolic blood pressure visit-to-visit variability and outcomes in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
- Long-term blood pressure variability: an emerging cardiovascular risk factor.The British journal of cardiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations of Midlife and Late-Life Blood Pressure Status With Late-Life Retinal OCT Measures.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Article
- Within-Person Blood Pressure Variability During Hospitalization and Clinical Outcomes Following First-Ever Acute Ischemic Stroke.American journal of hypertension · 2023Article
- Visit-To-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Subthreshold Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2022Article
- Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Longitudinal Tau Accumulation in Older Adults.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2022Article
- The Effect of Blood Pressure Variability on Coronary Atherosclerosis Plaques.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Preoperative and Intraoperative Blood Pressure Variability Independently Correlate with Outcomes.The Journal of surgical research · 2021Article
- Impact of in-hospital blood pressure variability on clinical outcomes in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2021Article
- Predictive value of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability for cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease with and without diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2021Article
- Association of 1-Year Blood Pressure Variability With Long-term Mortality Among Adults With Coronary Artery Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Preliminary Experiment on the Effect of 18% Substitute Salt on Home Blood Pressure Variability in Hypertensives.International journal of hypertension · 2021Article
- Antemortem Visit-To-Visit Blood Pressure Variability Predicts Cerebrovascular Lesion Burden in Autopsy-Confirmed Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is common in primary care patients: Retrospective cohort study of 221,803 adults.PloS one · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the reproducibility of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) in clinical practice. We also determined the minimum number of blood pressure (BP) measurements needed to estimate long-term visit-to-visit BPV for predicting 10-year cardiovascular (CV) risk.
designRetrospective study
settingA primary care clinic in a university hospital in Malaysia.
participantsRandom sampling of 1403 patients aged 30 years and above without any CV event at baseline. OUTCOMES MEASURES: The effect of the number of BP measurement for calculation of long-term visit-to-visit BPV in predicting 10-year CV risk. CV events were defined as fatal and non-fatal coronary heart disease, fatal and non-fatal stroke, heart failure and peripheral vascular disease.
resultsThe mean 10-year SD of systolic blood pressure (SBP) for this cohort was 13.8±3.5 mm Hg. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the SD of SBP based on the first eight and second eight measurements was 0.38 (p<0.001). In a primary care setting, visit-to-visit BPV (SD of SBP calculated from 20 BP measurements) was significantly associated with CV events (adjusted OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.13, p=0.009). Using SD of SBP from 20 measurement as reference, SD of SBP from 6 measurements (median time 1.75 years) has high reliability (ICC 0.74, p<0.001), with a mean difference of 0.6 mm Hg. Hence, a minimum of six BP measurements is needed for reliably estimating intraindividual BPV for CV outcome prediction.
conclusionLong-term visit-to-visit BPV is reproducible in clinical practice. We suggest a minimum of six BP measurements for calculation of intraindividual visit-to-visit BPV. The number and duration of BP readings to derive BPV should be taken into consideration in predicting long-term CV risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.