ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Three-dimensional architecture of epithelial primary cilia.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cilia SubQ: a modular suite of semi- and fully automated pipelines for analysis of primary cilia and ciliary subdomains.Methods (San Diego, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Primary cilium disassembly - from mechanisms to roles in physiology and disease.Journal of cell science · 2026Review
- Axonemal Dynein Visualized in Primary Cilia via Expansion Microscopy.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Cilia SubQ, a modular suite of pipelines for automated analysis of primary cilia and ciliary subdomains.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Altered ciliary morphology reduces mechanosensation in a cystic kidney model as indicated by a mathematical model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Lipid ciliology: specialized ciliary membrane lipids in physiology and disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Phosphorylation at the Helm: Kinase-Mediated Regulation of Primary Cilia Assembly and Disassembly.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Sub-ciliary localization of CEP290 and effects of its loss in mouse photoreceptors during development.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- The primary cilium as a multifunctional organelle: emerging roles and unanswered questions.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Review
- The Role of ARL13B in Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Cultured Human Corneal Endothelial Cells.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- FGFR2 residence in primary cilia is necessary for epithelial cell signaling.The Journal of cell biology · 2025Article
- The Mn-motif protein MAP6d1 assembles ciliary doublet microtubules.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Hedgehog pathway, cell cycle, and primary cilium.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Cilia at the crossroad: convergence of regulatory mechanisms to govern cilia dynamics during cell signaling and the cell cycle.Cell & bioscience · 2025Review
- Advances in Imaging Techniques for Mammalian/Human Ciliated Cell's Cilia: Insights into Structure, Function, and Dynamics.Biology · 2025Review
- Structures of Native Doublet Microtubules from Trichomonas vaginalis Reveal Parasite-Specific Proteins.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Intraflagellar transport trains can switch rails and move along multiple microtubules in intact primary cilia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Early spinal cord development: from neural tube formation to neurogenesis.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- The intraflagellar transport cycle.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2025Review
- Intravital imaging reveals glucose-dependent cilia movement in pancreatic islets in vivo.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
We report a complete 3D structural model of typical epithelial primary cilia based on structural maps of full-length primary cilia obtained by serial section electron tomography. Our data demonstrate the architecture of primary cilia differs extensively from the commonly acknowledged 9+0 paradigm. The axoneme structure is relatively stable but gradually evolves from base to tip with a decreasing number of microtubule complexes (MtCs) and a reducing diameter. The axonemal MtCs are cross-linked by previously unrecognized fibrous protein networks. Such an architecture explains why primary cilia can elastically withstand liquid flow for mechanosensing. The nine axonemal MtCs in a cilium are found to differ significantly in length indicating intraflagellar transport processes in primary cilia may be more complicated than that reported for motile cilia. The 3D maps of microtubule doublet-singlet transitions generally display longitudinal gaps at the inner junction between the A- and B-tubules, which indicates the inner junction protein is a major player in doublet-singlet transitions. In addition, vesicles releasing from kidney primary cilia were observed in the structural maps, supporting that ciliary vesicles budding may serve as ectosomes for cell-cell communication.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.