ArticleInternational journal of obesity (2005)2019
Assessing causality in the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in International journal of obesity (2005), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fat-brain axis indicated by mutual impacts between body fat and brain phenotypes.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on growth in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Mediating pathways between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from a two-step and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Revealing brain cell-stratified causality through dissecting causal variants according to their cell-type-specific effects on gene expression.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Emotional problems mediate the association between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obesity in adolescents.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Roles of obesity in mediating the causal effect of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on diabetes.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Article
- Mendelian randomization analysis for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: studying a broad range of exposures and outcomes.International journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- The early life course-related traits with three psychiatric disorders: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Multivariate analyses of molecular genetic associations between childhood psychopathology and adult mood disorders and related traits.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Mendelian randomisation studies of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.JCPP advances · 2022Article
- ADHD in childhood predicts BMI and body composition measurements over time in a population-based birth cohort.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Large-scale genetic investigation reveals genetic liability to multiple complex traits influencing a higher risk of ADHD.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Two genetic analyses to elucidate causality between body mass index and personality.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Article
- Review
- The link between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and obesity-related traits: genetic and prenatal explanations.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Phenome-wide screening of GWAS data reveals the complex causal architecture of obesity.Human genetics · 2021Article
- The Effect of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Physical Health Outcomes: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Mendelian randomisation with coarsened exposures.Genetic epidemiology · 2021Article
- ADHD and Risk of Childhood Adiposity: a Review of Recent Research.Current nutrition reports · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence, is associated with obesity in observational studies. However, it is unclear whether ADHD contributes to, results from or is merely correlated with obesity. This study evaluates the presence and direction of a causal effect between ADHD and obesity. SUBJECTS/
methodsWe performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization using summary data from consortia of genome-wide association studies to investigate if ADHD (N = 55,374) has a causal effect on body mass index (BMI) in childhood (N = 35,668) and adulthood (N = 322,154-500,000), and vice-versa. The main analysis was performed using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. As sensitivity analyses, we used other Mendelian randomization methods that are more robust to horizontal pleiotropy (i.e., MR-Egger, weighted mode, and penalized weighted median estimators), as well as stratified the analysis by the putative mechanisms of genetic instruments (i.e., pathways involved or not in neurological processes).
resultsThe IVW method indicated a positive causal effect of BMI on ADHD: β = 0.324 (95% CI 0.198 to 0.449, p < 0.001; expressed as change in ln(odds ratio) of ADHD per each additional SD unit of BMI). IVW estimates were directionally consistent with other methods. On the other hand, we did not find consistent evidence for a causal effect of ADHD genetic liability on BMI.
conclusionsThe results suggested that higher BMI increases the risk of developing ADHD, but not the other way around.
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Registered trials
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