ReviewCurrent topics in developmental biology2019
Rethinking sex determination of non-gonadal tissues.
Review in Current topics in developmental biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex differences in the regulation and function of cellular immunity in Drosophila.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Why males scar more: hormonal and chromosomal clues to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Gonadal and sex chromosomal contributions to sex differences in mammalian brain organization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Quantitative dissection of sexual dimorphism in mice through Y-linked gene knockouts and multivariate phenotyping.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- HJ Muller and the Relationship Between Sex Chromosome Degeneration and the Evolution of Dosage Compensation.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Review
- Sex-Specific Properties of Astrocytes: From Development to Evolutionary Insights.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Cellular sex throughout the organism underlies somatic sexual differentiation.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Comparative developmental genomics of sex-biased gene expression in early embryogenesis across mammals.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Sex chromosome mechanisms in cardiac development and disease.Nature cardiovascular research · 2023Article
- A neuroscience-based approach to the assessment of sexual behavior in animals.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Review
- Asymmetric growth-limiting development of the female conceptus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The sex-dependent response to psychosocial stress and ischaemic heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Genetics and Epigenetics of the X and Y Chromosomes in the Sexual Differentiation of the Brain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- X chromosome agents of sexual differentiation.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Sex as a Biological Variable in Nutrition Research: From Human Studies to Animal Models.Annual review of nutrition · 2022Review
- Integrating Sex Chromosome and Endocrine Theories to Improve Teaching of Sexual Differentiation.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2022Article
- Relative contributions of sex hormones, sex chromosomes, and gonads to sex differences in tissue gene regulation.Genome research · 2022Article
- Neurogenesis in the neonatal rat hippocampus is regulated by sexually dimorphic epigenetic modifiers.Biology of sex differences · 2022Article
- Sex and Liver Disease: The Necessity of an Overarching Theory to Explain the Effect of Sex on Nonreproductive Functions.Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Cardiac proteomics reveals sex chromosome-dependent differences between males and females that arise prior to gonad formation.Developmental cell · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
Evolution of genetic mechanisms of sex determination led to two processes causing sex differences in somatic phenotypes: gonadal differentiation and sex chromosome dosage inequality. In species with heteromorphic sex chromosomes, the sex of the individual is established at the time of formation of the zygote, leading to inherent sex differences in expression of sex chromosome genes beginning as soon as the embryonic transcriptome is activated. The inequality of sex chromosome gene expression causes sexual differentiation of the gonads and of non-gonadal tissues. The difference in gonad type in turn causes lifelong differences in gonadal hormones, which interact with unequal effects of X and Y genes acting within cells. Separating the effects of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes has been possible using mouse models in which gonadal determination is separated from the sex chromosomes, allowing comparison of XX and XY mice with the same type of gonad. Sex differences caused by gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes affect basic physiology and disease mechanisms in most or all tissues.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.