ArticleMalaria journal2019
Cytochrome P450 2D6 profiles and their relationship with outcomes of primaquine anti-relapse therapy in Australian Defence Force personnel deployed to Papua New Guinea and East Timor.
Article in Malaria journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy of Primaquine for the Radical Cure of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Northeast Myanmar and the Impact of Cytochrome P450 2D6 Genotypes.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Cytochrome P450 2D6 profiles and anti-relapse efficacy of tafenoquine againstAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Grasp of dihydroartemisinin resistance in Indonesia: Focused on genetic polymorphisms and new antimalarial.Narra J · 2023Review
- Association between CYP2D6 phenotype and recurrence of Plasmodium vivax infection in south Korean patients.Malaria journal · 2022Article
- Measurements of 5,6-Orthoquinone, a Surrogate for the Presumed Active Primaquine Metabolite 5-Hydroxyprimaquine, in the Urine of Cambodian Adults.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Global perspectives onFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Progress and Challenges in the Use of a Liver-on-a-Chip for Hepatotropic Infectious Diseases.Micromachines · 2021Review
- Pharmacogene Variation in ThaiPharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2020Article
- Utility of 8-Aminoquinolines in Malaria Prophylaxis in Travelers.Current infectious disease reports · 2019Review
- Determination of Cytochrome P450 Isoenzyme 2D6 (CYP2D6) Genotypes and Pharmacogenomic Impact on Primaquine Metabolism in an Active-Duty US Military Population.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Multiple relapses of Plasmodium vivax malaria acquired from West Africa and association with poor metabolizer CYP2D6 variant: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimaquine, an 8-aminoquinoline with anti-hypnozoite activity against Plasmodium vivax, is metabolized by human cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) to its active metabolite. Human CYP2D6 activities may influence the metabolism of primaquine and the risk of experiencing Plasmodium relapses following primaquine anti-relapse therapies (PART). In this study, the CYP2D6 profile and its relationship with outcomes of PART in Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel is retrospectively investigated.
methodsGenomic DNA was isolated from stored and de-identified serum or blood samples from ADF personnel deployed on peacekeeping duties to Papua New Guinea (PNG) (1999) and East Timor (1999-2000) who received PART before returning to Australia and after experiencing relapses. CYP2D6 allelic type was determined by PCR and Sanger sequencing. CYP2D6 allele frequency, predicted phenotypes and activity scores were compared among personnel who did not experience P. vivax (ADF-NR, n = 48) and those who experience at least one (ADF-R, n = 109) relapse, as well as between those who experienced 1 (n = 79), 2 (n = 21) and 3-5 (n = 9) relapses within the ADF-R group.
results16 CYP2D6 alleles were observed in 157 ADF personnel. Alleles *1, *4, *2 and *41 were major alleles (> 5%). The CYP2D6 allele frequency profile in the ADF-NR group matched that of a European population. There was an increased proportion of non-functional CYP2D6 alleles in the ADF-R group compared to the European population and ADF-NR group. However, frequencies of predicted CYP2D6 phenotype and activity score were not different between the ADF-R and ADF-NR groups, nor among sub-groups experiencing multiple relapses within the ADF-R group.
conclusionsCYP2D6 phenotype or activity score based on the allele classification was not a major contributor to P. vivax relapse in this ADF cohort. Other factors such as adherence and/or parasite tolerance to primaquine are likely contributing factors to P. vivax relapses in this cohort.
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