ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2019
Age and sex have no impact on expression levels of markers of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint pathways in patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder treated with radical cystectomy.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- PD-L1 expression and its correlation with tumor biomarkers in Chinese urothelial bladder cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Article
- Bladder cancer, inflammageing and microbiomes.Nature reviews. Urology · 2022Review
- Immunoexpression of PD-L1 and PD-1 and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Urothelial Carcinomas.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Diagnostic and prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating B cells in lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2021Article
- PD-L1 Expression in Muscle Invasive Urothelial Carcinomas as Assessed via Immunohistochemistry: Correlations with Specific Clinical and Pathological Features, with Emphasis on Prognosis after Radical Cystectomy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Identification of genes of prognostic value in the ccRCC microenvironment from TCGA database.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2020Article
- Significance of PD-L1 expression in carbon-ion radiotherapy for uterine cervical adeno/adenosquamous carcinoma.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2020Article
- An Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Preoperative Nomogram for Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Bladder Cancer (BLCA).Disease markers · 2020Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesAdvanced age and female sex have been associated with worse outcomes in patients undergoing radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. A reduced immune response has been implicated as a mechanism. The objective of our study was to analyze the expression patterns of various cellular proteins active in bladder cancer immune pathways, and assess the correlation between age, sex, and the expression of these immune markers.
methodsWe obtained surgical tissue samples from equally distributed male/female patients with/without lymph node metastasis who had undergone radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder (n = 50). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for CD3 (cluster of differentiation), CD4, CD8, CD56, LAG-3 (lymphocyte-activation gene), TIM-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain), PD-1 (programmed death) and PD-L1 molecules was performed and scored by a single pathologist (high versus low). Spearman's correlation and Chi square tests investigated the association between age, sex, and IHC results.
resultsMean age at surgery was 67 years (range 50-78 years); all patients were Caucasians. The following percent of patients scored high for a stain: 18% CD3, 10% CD4, 0% CD8, 0% CD56, 20% LAG-3, 4% TIM-3, 0% PD-1 and 0% PD-L1. There was no association between patients' age, sex, and the expression of any of the immune markers (p > 0.05 for all).
conclusionsThe association between advanced age, female sex, and worse outcomes in bladder cancer may be independent of the immune pathways active in the disease that we examined in this study.
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