ArticlePaediatrics & child health2019
PANDAS/PANS in childhood: Controversies and evidence.
Article in Paediatrics & child health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach From the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Tenth Special Issue.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2026Guideline
- Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Frequency and impact of paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome/paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections diagnosis in Canada.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Case Report: Special recoveries from major mental illness in childhood: a case series.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- PANDAS, a series of difficult decisions: a case report.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Immunological Features Underpinning Controversial Entities.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): Myth or Reality? The State of the Art on a Controversial Disease.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Distinct patterns of GABAergic interneuron pathology in autism are associated with intellectual impairment and stereotypic behaviors.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2023Article
- Case report: Varicella associated neuropsychiatric syndrome (VANS) in two pediatric cases.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- Clinicopathologic Characteristics of PANDAS in a Young Adult: A Case Report.Developmental neuroscience · 2023Article
- Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Current Perspectives.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Review
- Therapeutic plasma exchange in adolescent and adult patients with autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 associated pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome a case report of female twin adolescents.Psychiatry research case reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Identification of ultra-rare genetic variants in pediatric acute onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) by exome and whole genome sequencing.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Pediatric Long COVID-19: A Case Series.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Human Herpes Virus 7-related encephalopathy in children.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Article
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in PANS/PANDAS in Children: In Search of a Qualified Treatment-A Systematic Review and Metanalysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since first defined in 1998, paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) and its later, broader iteration, paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), have garnered significant attention and controversy. The role of streptococcal infection in children with explosive onset obsessive-compulsive disorder and new onset tics, the natural history of this entity, and the role of symptomatic and disease-modifying therapies, including antibiotics, immunotherapy, and psychoactive drugs, are all issues that have yet to be definitively addressed. While definitive proof of the autoimmune hypothesis of PANDAS is lacking, given the heightened attention to this entity and apparent rise in use of this diagnostic category, addressing questions around diagnosis, treatment, and etiology is imperative. In this paper, we review current working definitions of PANDAS/PANS, discuss published evidence for interventions related to this entity, and propose a clinical approach to children presenting with acute symptoms satisfying criteria for PANDAS/PANS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.