ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2019
Urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and intake of sodium and potassium among men and women from multiethnic general populations: the INTERSALT Study.
Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Zilebesiran: an RNA interference agent-its need and potential to transform hypertension treatment.The Egyptian heart journal : (EHJ) : official bulletin of the Egyptian Society of Cardiology · 2026Review
- Comment on "Association between the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension in Japanese patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: the Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry study".Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Association between the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension in Japanese patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease: the Fukuoka Kidney disease Registry study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Trends in Urinary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratios in Koreans: Analysis of KNHANES 2016-2023 Data.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Practical use and target value of urine sodium-to-potassium ratio in assessment of hypertension risk for Japanese: Consensus Statement by the Japanese Society of Hypertension Working Group on Urine Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2024Article
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- No change in 24-h sodium intake estimated from spot urine in Norwegian adults from 2006 to 2019: the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).Public health nutrition · 2024Article
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- Sodium and potassium excretion and its association with cardiovascular disorders in Mexican adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Impact of growth, gonadal hormones, adiposity and the sodium-to-potassium ratio on longitudinal adolescent measures of blood pressure at puberty.Journal of human hypertension · 2023Article
- Association between the extent of house collapse and urine sodium-to-potassium ratio of victims affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: a cross-sectional study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023Article
- Investigation of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio target level based on the recommended dietary intake goals for the Japanese population: The INTERMAP Japan.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Observational
- Latest hypertension research to inform clinical practice in Asia.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2022Article
- Seven-action approaches for the management of hypertension in Asia - The HOPE Asia network.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2022Review
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- Association between the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2021Article
- Sodium and Potassium Excretion of Schoolchildren and Relationship with Their Family Excretion in China.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Dietary Sodium and Potassium Intake in Hungarian Elderly: Results from the Cross-Sectional Biomarker2019 Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Sodium and Potassium Intake in Residents of Retirement Homes.Nutrients · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Na/K ratio may be more strongly related to blood pressure and cardiovascular disease than sodium or potassium. The casual urine Na/K ratio can provide prompt on-site feedback, and with repeated measurements, may provide useful individual estimates of the 24-h ratio. The World Health Organization has published guidelines for sodium and potassium intake, but no generally accepted guideline prevails for the Na/K ratio. We used standardized data on 24 h and casual urinary electrolyte excretion obtained from the INTERSALT Study for 10,065 individuals aged 20-59 years from 32 countries (52 populations). Associations between the casual urinary Na/K ratio and the 24-h sodium and potassium excretion of individuals were assessed by correlation and stratification analyses. The mean 24-h sodium and potassium excretions were 156.0 mmol/24 h and 55.2 mmol/24 h, respectively; the mean 24-h urinary Na/K molar ratio was 3.24. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) for the casual urinary Na/K ratio with 24-h sodium and potassium excretions were 0.42 and -0.34, respectively, and these were 0.57 and -0.48 for the 24-h ratio. The urinary Na/K ratio predicted a 24-h urine Na excretion of <85 mmol/day (the WHO recommended guidelines) with a sensitivity of 99.7% and 94.0%, specificity of 39.5% and 48.0%, and positive predictive value of 96.3% and 61.1% at the cutoff point of 1 in 24 h and casual urine Na/K ratios, respectively. A urinary Na/K molar ratio <1 may be a useful indicator for adherence to the WHO recommended levels of sodium and, to a lesser extent, the potassium intake across different populations; however, cutoff points for Na/K ratio may be tuned for localization.
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