ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2020
Impact of Abstinence and of Reducing Illicit Drug Use Without Abstinence on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Viral Load.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Burden of mental health symptoms and access to needed mental health care among people with HIV in New England.AIDS care · 2026Article
- Routine collection of patient-reported outcomes in HIV clinics: lessons learned after more than 130 000 assessments have been completed.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Integrated infectious disease and substance use disorder treatment for severe injection-related infections: protocol for the randomized controlled HI-SIRI trial.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Severity and Number of Substances Used are Independently Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Over Time among People with HIV in the Current Treatment Era.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Chemsex and rising substance use linked to sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men living with HIV in Bangkok, Thailand.IJID regions · 2024Article
- Alcohol and drug use severity are independently associated with antiretroviral adherence in the current treatment era.AIDS care · 2024Article
- Overamped: Stimulant Use and HIV Pathogenesis.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Joint effects of substance use disorders and recent substance use on HIV viral non-suppression among people engaged in HIV care in an urban clinic, 2014-2019.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Article
- Article
- Assessing the associations between known genetic variants and substance use in people with HIV in the United States.PloS one · 2023Article
- Polysubstance Use Patterns Associated With HIV Disease Severity Among Those With Substance Use Disorders: A Latent Class Analysis.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2023Article
- Associations between female birth sex and risk of chronic kidney disease development among people with HIV in the USA: A longitudinal, multicentre, cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- The Prevalence and Negative Impacts of Substance Use Disorders among People with HIV in the United States: A Real-Time Delphi Survey of Key Stakeholders.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Prior Methamphetamine Use Disorder History Does Not Impair Interoceptive Processing of Soft Touch in HIV Infection.Viruses · 2021Article
- Drug and alcohol use among people living with HIV in care in the United States by geographic region.AIDS care · 2021Article
- Patterns of reduced use and abstinence in multi-site randomized controlled trials of pharmacotherapies for cocaine and methamphetamine use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Longitudinal Associations of Syndemic Conditions with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence and HIV Viral Suppression Among HIV-Infected Patients in Primary Care.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2021Article
- Comparative impact of methamphetamine and other drug use on viral suppression among sexual minority men on antiretroviral therapy.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Trends in Methamphetamine Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City, 2004-2017.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- An Innovative Physical Therapy Intervention for Chronic Pain Management and Opioid Reduction Among People Living with HIV.BioResearch open access · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
33 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSubstance use is common among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) and a barrier to achieving viral suppression. Among PLWH who report illicit drug use, we evaluated associations between HIV viral load (VL) and reduced use of illicit opioids, methamphetamine/crystal, cocaine/crack, and marijuana, regardless of whether or not abstinence was achieved.
methodsThis was a longitudinal cohort study of PLWH from 7 HIV clinics or 4 clinical studies. We used joint longitudinal and survival models to examine the impact of decreasing drug use and of abstinence for each drug on viral suppression. We repeated analyses using linear mixed models to examine associations between change in frequency of drug use and VL.
resultsThe number of PLWH who were using each drug at baseline ranged from n = 568 (illicit opioids) to n = 4272 (marijuana). Abstinence was associated with higher odds of viral suppression (odds ratio [OR], 1.4-2.2) and lower relative VL (ranging from 21% to 42% by drug) for all 4 drug categories. Reducing frequency of illicit opioid or methamphetamine/crystal use without abstinence was associated with VL suppression (OR, 2.2, 1.6, respectively). Reducing frequency of illicit opioid or methamphetamine/crystal use without abstinence was associated with lower relative VL (47%, 38%, respectively).
conclusionsAbstinence was associated with viral suppression. In addition, reducing use of illicit opioids or methamphetamine/crystal, even without abstinence, was also associated with viral suppression. Our findings highlight the impact of reducing substance use, even when abstinence is not achieved, and the potential benefits of medications, behavioral interventions, and harm-reduction interventions.
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