ReviewEFORT open reviews2019
Manipulation under anaesthesia for frozen shoulders: outdated technique or well-established quick fix?
Review in EFORT open reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Arthroscopic Capsular Release Versus Manipulation under Anesthesia for Refractory Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Manipulation under Anesthesia versus Non-Surgical Treatment for Patients with Frozen Shoulder Contracture Syndrome: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Outcomes of secondary interventions in treatment of post-traumatic stiff shoulder in conservatively managed proximal humeral fractures: a scoping review.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Review
- Non-Surgical Management of Frozen Shoulder Using Manipulation Under Local Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Frozen shoulder: a narrative review of current treatment concepts and the underlying scientific evidence.Clinics in shoulder and elbow · 2025Article
- Clinical Efficacy of Different Therapies for Painful Shoulder Conditions: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- What do European shoulder surgeons think of the frozen shoulder? Results of a questionnaire survey among the members of the European Society for Surgery of the Shoulder and the Elbow and a review of the current evidence.EFORT open reviews · 2025Review
- Efficacy of manipulation under anesthesia with ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma injection in shoulder stiffness concomitant with rotator cuff injury.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2025Article
- Releasing Forces in Adhesive Capsulitis Are Important Indicators of Shoulder Stiffness and Postoperative Function.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2025Article
- Short-term clinical efficacy of five-step manipulation under anaesthesia combined with arthroscopic shoulder surgery for adhesive capsulitis.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Clinical efficacy of manipulation under brachial plexus block anesthesia for primary adhesive capsulitis of shoulder: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- The clinical course and outcomes following arthroscopic frozen shoulder 360° release.JSES international · 2024Article
- Additional Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy with Lidocaine Injection on Clinical and MRI Findings in Frozen Shoulder: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Pain and therapy · 2024Article
- Improved range of motion after manipulation under anesthesia versus physiotherapy for stage two frozen shoulder: a randomized controlled trial.JSES international · 2024Article
- Letter to the Editor: "Arthroscopic capsular release versus manipulation under anaesthesia for treating frozen shoulder - a prospective randomised study".International orthopaedics · 2023Article
- The Effect of Manipulation Under Anesthesia for Secondary Frozen Shoulder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Pain and therapy · 2022Article
- Manipulation Under Anesthesia and Prolotherapy for Adhesive Capsulitis and Rotator Cuff Tear: A Case Report With 7-Year Follow-Up.Journal of chiropractic medicine · 2022Article
- Trends in Practice Among Shoulder Specialists in the Management of Frozen Shoulder: A Consensus Survey.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2022Article
- Efficacy of high-intensity home mechanical stretch therapy for treatment of shoulder stiffness: a retrospective review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) for frozen shoulder (FS) leads to a considerable increase in range of motion and Oxford shoulder score, a significant reduction in pain and around 85% satisfaction.A clearly defined indication for MUA in FS patients cannot be extracted from this review or the available literature. The associating criteria before proceeding to MUA vary widely.All but one study in this review lacked a control group without intervention. Therefore, firm conclusions about the role of MUA in the treatment of FS cannot be drawn from the current literature.An overall complication rate of 0.4% was found and a re-intervention rate of 14%, although most of the included papers were not designed to monitor complications.The following criteria before proceeding to MUA are proposed: a patient unable to cope with a stiff and painful shoulder; clinical signs of a stage 2 idiopathic FS; lessening pain in relation to stage 1; external rotation < 50% compared to contralateral shoulder joint; a minimal duration of symptoms of three months; and failure to respond to an intra-articular corticosteroid infiltration. Cite this article:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.