ArticleReproductive health2019
A gestational vulnerability window for smoking exposure and the increased risk of preterm birth: how timing and intensity of maternal smoking matter.
Article in Reproductive health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maternal Smoking and Preterm Birth Among Infants With Orofacial Clefts.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2026Article
- Interaction Between Maternal Smoking Cessation Timing and Preexisting Hypertension on Fetal Growth Restriction: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- A Scoping Review of Preterm Birth Risk Factors.American journal of perinatology · 2024Article
- Exploring a Potential Interaction Between the Effect of Specific Maternal Smoking Patterns and Comorbid Antenatal Depression in Causing Postpartum Depression.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Article
- The association between adverse birth outcomes and smoking cessation during pregnancy across the United States-43 States and New York City, 2012-2017.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- Maternal, obstetric and gynecological factors associated with preterm birth in Rwanda: findings from a national longitudinal study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Analysis of an Association between Preterm Birth and Parental Educational Level in Japan Using National Data.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The impact of exposure to tobacco smoking and maternal trauma in fetal life on risk of migraine.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Maternal preterm birth prediction in the United States: a case-control database study.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Interaction Effects of Maternal Sexually Transmitted Infections with Prenatal Care Utilization Status on Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight: U.S. National Data.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Paternal smoking and preterm birth: a population-based retrospective cohort study among non-smoking women aged 20-49 years in rural China.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- The Impact of Oxidative Stress of Environmental Origin on the Onset of Placental Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance of Pregnant and Lactating Women (PLW) in Czechia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- DNA methylation of GFI1 as a mediator of the association between prenatal smoking exposure and ADHD symptoms at 6 years: the Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children's Health.Clinical epigenetics · 2021Article
- Acceptance of smoking cessation support and quitting behaviours of women attending Aboriginal Maternal and Infant Health Services for antenatal care.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Maternal cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A dose-response analysis of 25 million mother-infant pairs.PLoS medicine · 2020Article
- Low birthweight in term singletons mediates the association between maternal smoking intensity exposure status and immediate neonatal intensive care unit admission: the E-value assessment.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Maternal genitourinary infections and poor nutritional status increase risk of preterm birth in Gasabo District, Rwanda: a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- Reducing the Risk of Preterm Birth by Ambulatory Risk Factor Management.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Review
- Variations in Maternal Factors and Preterm Birth Risk among Non-Hispanic Black, White, and Mixed-Race Black/White Women in the United States, 2017.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundReducing the incidence of preterm birth is a national priority. Maternal cigarette smoking is strongly and consistently associated with preterm birth. The objective of this study was to examine prenatal exposure based on combined measures of timing (by trimester) and intensity level (the number of cigarettes smoked per day) of maternal smoking to identify a pregnancy period with the highest risk of preterm birth.
methodsA sample of 2,485,743 singleton births was drawn from the 2010 National Center of Health Statistics (NCHS) linked birth/infant death file of US residents in 33 states that implemented the revised 2003 birth certificate. Nine mutually exclusive smoking status categories were created to assess prenatal exposure across pregnancy in association with preterm birth. Gestational age was based on the obstetric estimate. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to compare the odds of preterm birth among women who smoked at different intensity levels in the second or third trimester with those who smoked only in the first trimester.
resultsOverall, 7.95% of women had a preterm birth; 8.90% of low intensity (less than a pack/day) smokers in the first trimester only, 12.99% of low and 15.38% of high intensity (pack a day or more) smokers in the first two trimesters, and 10.56% of low and 11.35% of high intensity smokers in all three trimesters delivered preterm. First and second trimester high (aOR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.66, 2.06) and low intensity smokers (aOR 1.51, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.61) had higher odds of preterm birth compared to those who smoked less than a pack a day only in the first trimester, but the odds did not increase for all three trimester smokers relative to the first and second trimester smokers. In sensitivity analysis, adjustment for exposure misclassification error corrected data and testing for effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity found no significant interaction.
conclusionsThis study documented a biologically plausible vulnerability window for smoking exposure and the increased risk of preterm birth. For women who do not modify their smoking behavior preconception, preterm birth risk of smoking remains low until late in the first trimester.
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