ReviewCancers2019
Strategies to Improve Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Efficacy, Other Than Abscopal Effect: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cancers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04217954 (Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy With Oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and Bevacizumab Plus Intravenous Toripalimab for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy With Oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and Bevacizumab Plus Intravenous Toripalimab for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy and Safety of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Combination with Conventional Therapies for Advanced Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis.BioMed research international · 2020Pooled it
- Phase II trial of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy plus bevacizumab and toripalimab for advanced biliary tract cancers: efficacy, safety, and exploratory analysis.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2026Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Therapeutic Targets: Deciphering Interaction Networks and Advancing Clinical Translation.MedComm · 2026Review
- Oncolytic adenovirus armed with cGAS activates STING pathway and enhances antitumor immunity in lung cancer with superior combined efficacy of PD-L1 therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Curcumin Modulates TIGIT/Neuropilin-1 to Regulate T-Cell Immune Homeostasis in Ulcerative Colitis.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhancing anti-tumor immunity through intratumoral combination therapy with amphiphilic conjugates of oxaliplatin and imidazoquinoline TLR7/8 agonist.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Effects of sex and obesity on immune checkpoint inhibition-related cardiac systolic dysfunction in aged mice.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Article
- Prostate cancer immunotherapy-based strategies: an updated review emphasizing immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Combined with Oncolytic Virotherapy: Synergy, Heterogeneity, and Safety in Cancer Treatment.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Intratumoral immunotherapy prior to cancer surgery, a promising therapeutic approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with fruquintinib and tislelizumab for patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer liver metastasis following failure of multiple-line therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Techniques and status of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for primary hepatobiliary cancers.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Review
- Editorial on "Cell Therapy, Bispecific Antibodies and Other Immunotherapies against Cancer".Cancers · 2023Article
- The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Combining local regional therapy and systemic therapy: Expected changes in the treatment landscape of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2023Review
- Cell adhesion molecules and immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Current process and potential application.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Frequency of Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma And their Association With Nodal Metastasis: A Cross-Sectional Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2022Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Systemic Therapy Shows Remarkable Curative Effect in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient With Intractable Postoperative Recurrence and Metastases: A Case Report and Literature Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Identification of Angiogenesis-Related Prognostic Biomarkers Associated With Immune Cell Infiltration in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite that the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on malignancies treatment is unprecedented, a lack of response to these molecules is observed in several cases. Differently from melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer, where the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors results in a high efficacy, the response rate in other tumors, such as gastrointestinal cancers, breast cancer, sarcomas, and part of genitourinary cancers remains low. The first strategy evaluated to improve the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors is the use of predictive factors for the response such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden, and clinical features. In addition to the identification of the patients with a higher expression of immune checkpoint molecules, another approach currently under intensive investigation is the use of therapeutics in a combinatory manner with immune checkpoint inhibitors in order to obtain an enhancement of efficacy through the modification of the tumor immune microenvironment. In addition to the abscopal effect induced by radiotherapy, a lot of studies are evaluating several drugs able to improve the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors, including microbiota modifiers, drugs targeting co-inhibitory receptors, anti-angiogenic therapeutics, small molecules, and oncolytic viruses. In view of the rapid and extensive development of this research field, we conducted a systematic review of the literature identifying which of these drugs are closer to achieving validation in the clinical practice.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.