Observational studyJournal of the American College of Surgeons2019
Persistently Elevated Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Levels among Critically Ill Surgical Patients after Sepsis and Development of Chronic Critical Illness and Dismal Long-Term Outcomes.
Observational study in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors, biomarkers, and mechanisms for persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS): a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2024Pooled it
- Prolonged lipopolysaccharide-induced illness elevates glucagon-like peptide-1 and suppresses peptide YY: A human-randomized cross-over trial.Physiological reports · 2022Trial
- Antiinflammatory actions of glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies beyond metabolic benefits.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025 · on this mapReview
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Is Prognostic of Mortality in Acute Respiratory Failure.Critical care explorations · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence in Sepsis: Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Targets.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Inflammatory Response and Anti-Inflammatory Treatment in Persistent Inflammation-Immunosuppression-Catabolism Syndrome (PICS).Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- GLP-1 receptor agonists: exploration of transformation from metabolic regulation to multi-organ therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 level and risk of death within 90 days after intensive care unit admission: A substudy of the IVOIRE cohort.PloS one · 2025Article
- The role of GLP-1 in the pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Definitions, epidemiology, and outcomes of persistent/chronic critical illness: a scoping review for translation to clinical practice.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Article
- The Tri-Steps Model of Critical Conditions in Intensive Care: Introducing a New Paradigm for Chronic Critical Illness.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Relevance and consequence of chronic inflammation for obesity development.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2023Review
- Beyond the pancreas: contrasting cardiometabolic actions of GIP and GLP1.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- Insight on Infections in Diabetic Setting.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Activation of TLRs Triggers GLP-1 Secretion in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Older Adults Demonstrate Biomarker Evidence of the Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome (PICS) After Sepsis.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
- Hypercatabolism and Anti-catabolic Therapies in the Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Association between glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio and in-hospital mortality in intensive care patients with sepsis: A retrospective observational study based on Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- A Transcriptomic Severity Metric That Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Critically Ill Surgical Sepsis Patients.Critical care explorations · 2021Article
- Dysregulated Immunity and Immunotherapy after Sepsis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byDiscussion.2019
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gut-derived incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion, cellular glucose uptake, and has immune-regulatory functions. Glucagon-like peptide-1 is markedly altered after trauma and sepsis, but the implications remain unclear. STUDY
designWe performed an analysis of a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of critically ill surgical patients with sepsis. Patient characteristics and clinical data were collected, as well as peripheral blood sampling for biomarker analysis, out to 28 days after sepsis onset. We prospectively adjudicated sepsis diagnosis, severity, clinical outcomes, and 6-month follow-up.
resultsThe cohort included 157 septic surgical patients with significant physiologic derangement (Maximum Sequential Organ Failure Assessment [SOFA] score 8, interquartile range [IQR] 4 to 11), a high rate of multiple organ failure (50.3%), and septic shock (24.2%). Despite high disease severity, both early death (<14 days; n = 4, 2.9%) and overall inpatient mortality were low (n = 12, 7.6%). However, post-discharge 6-month mortality was nearly 3-fold higher (19.7%). Both GLP-1 and interleukin [IL]-6 levels were significantly elevated for 21 days (p ≤ 0.01) in patients who developed chronic critical illness (CCI) compared with patients with a rapid recovery. Elevated GLP-1 at 24 hours was a significant independent predictor for the development of CCI after controlling for IL-6 and glucose levels (p = 0.027), and at day 14 for death or severe functional disability at 6 months (WHO/Zubrod score 4-5, p = 0.014).
conclusionsElevated GLP-1 within 24 hours of sepsis is a predictor of early death or persistent organ dysfunction. Among early survivors, persistently elevated GLP-1 levels at day 14 are strongly predictive of death or severe functional disability at 6 months. Persistently elevated GLP-1 levels may be a marker of a nonresolving catabolic state that is associated with muscle wasting and dismal outcomes after sepsis and chronic critical illness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.