ArticlePharmaceutics2019
Tuning the Transdermal Delivery of Hydroquinone upon Formulation with Novel Permeation Enhancers.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quality-by-Design Compounding of Semisolids Using an Electronic Mortar and Pestle Device for Compounding Pharmacies: Uniformity, Stability, and Cleaning.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Value of Some Vegetative Parts ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Impact of the Oil Phase on the Physicochemical Stability and Skin Permeability of Melatonin Gel Formulations.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Activity of a Topical Formulation Containing 8-Hydroxyquinoline for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Guiding Clinical Prescription of Topical Extemporaneous Formulations of Sodium Cromoglycate Based on Pharmaceutical Performance.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Electrochemical study of 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole in the absence and presence ofRSC advances · 2023Article
- Nano-Emulsion Based Gel for Topical Delivery of an Anti-Inflammatory Drug: In vitro and in vivo Evaluation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Article
- Development of a Sildenafil Citrate Microemulsion-Loaded Hydrogel as a Potential System for Drug Delivery to the Penis and Its Cellular Metabolic Mechanism.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Evolution of Nanotechnology in Delivering Drugs to Eyes, Skin and Wounds via Topical Route.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ) is an anti-hyperpigmentation agent with poor physicochemical stability. HQ formulations are currently elaborated by compounding in local pharmacies. Variability in the characteristics of HQ topical formulations can lead to remarkable differences in terms of their stability, efficacy, and toxicity. Four different semisolid O/W formulations with 5% HQ were prepared using: i) Beeler´s base plus antioxidants (F1), ii) Beeler´s base and dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) as solubiliser (F2), iii) olive oil and DMI (F3), and iv) Nourivan
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.