ArticlePloS one2019
Stress-sensitive antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in the mouse forced swim test.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hormone levels, major depression features and antidepressant effects of ketamine.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Trial
- Who are you, ketamine? Good, evil, or dose- and context-dependent?The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Structural plasticity and enhanced fear extinction following psilocybin in chronically stressed mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A human-derived Bacteroides strain attenuates depressive-like behavior in a rat model of social defeat-induced stress.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Hippocampal miR-34a/SIRT1 and BDNF Responses Following Adolescent Stress: Differential Effects of Ketamine and Fluoxetine.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based model for behavioural analysis in rodents applied to the forced swim test.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ketamine-From an Anesthetic to a Psychiatric Drug: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Applications and Potential Risks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Genetic ablation of the isoform γ of PI3K decreases antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in male mice.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- Neuroplasticity and Mechanisms of Action of Acute and Chronic Treatment with Antidepressants in Preclinical Studies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Curcumin and exercise prevent depressionResearch in pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Fast-acting antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in aged male rats.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Antidepressant Effect and Mechanism ofJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Divergent Effects of Ketamine and the Serotoninergic Psychedelic 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Iodoamphetamine on Hippocampal Plasticity and Metaplasticity.Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Multidimensional behavioral profiles associated with resilience and susceptibility after inescapable stress.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Head-mounted central venous access during optical recordings and manipulations of neural activity in mice.Nature protocols · 2024Review
- Ketamine's rapid and sustained antidepressant effects are driven by distinct mechanisms.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Mechanism of Antidepressant Action of (2R,6R)-6-Hydroxynorketamine (HNK) and Its Compounds: Insights from Proteomic Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics and entactogens.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- Transcriptional signatures of early-life stress and antidepressant treatment efficacy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- A single dose of ketamine enhances early life stress-induced aggression with no effect on fear memory, anxiety-like behavior, or depression-like behavior in mice.Behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Major depression is a stress-linked disease with significant morbidity and the anesthetic drug ketamine is of growing interest in the treatment of depression, since in responsive individuals a single dose has rapid (within hours) antidepressant effects that can be sustained for over a week in some instances. This combination of fast action and a therapeutic effect that lasts far beyond the drug's half-life points to a unique mechanism of action. In this reverse translational study, we investigate the degree to which ketamine counteracts stress-related depression-like behavioral responses by determining whether it affects unstressed animals similarly to stressed mice. To test this, male C57BL/6J mice were given a single injection of vehicle (0.9% saline; i.p.), 10 mg/kg ketamine, or 30 mg/kg ketamine, and were tested in the forced swim test (FST) 24 hours and 7 days later, as well as in the open field test on the eighth day. Unstressed mice had normal group housing, environmental enrichment, and experimenter pre-handling (5 days), whereas stressed animals were subjected to chronic mild stress (single housing, reduced enrichment and minimal handling), where some mice also had daily two-week unpredictable chronic stress (UCS). We find that ketamine (24 hours post-injection) decreases immobility and increases mobile (swimming) behavior (antidepressant-like effects) in UCS animals but does the opposite in unstressed mice, similar to recent human findings. In summary, these data suggest that chronic psychological stress interacts with ketamine treatment to modulate its effects in the C57BL/6J mouse FST, which reinforces the relevance of this test, and this strain of mice, to human, stress-induced depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.